Murine

A.ntihodies of Murine Origin Intendedfor use in Man, Commission of the European Communities, Bmssels, 1987. 

One vitamin E analogue, TROLOX, inhibits radiation-induced apoptosis in murine thymocytes (26). Chicks given vitamin E prior to exposure to a sublethal dose (2.25 Gy (225 rad)) of y-radiation demonstrate a more rapid recovery from damage to the thymus (100). 

TNE- a also protects mice against the lethal effects of radiation (164). TNE- a given before sublethal kradiation reduces the decline of neutrophils and total blood counts and accelerates the recovery of peripheral blood cells (190). TNE- a also alters the radiosensitivity of murine G1 progenitors (191). 

Basic FGF can also stimulate murine hemopoietic progenitors in vitro. It is synergistic with hemopoietic growth factors such as GM-CSF, EPO, and Meg-CSF and has radioprotective activity in vivo, increasing the number of day-9 and day-12 CFU-S from lethaUy irradiated animals (195). Furthermore, b-FGF combiaed with GM-CSF protects against the killing of murine and human CFU-GM exposed to radiation in vitro (195). 

Phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine [106941-25-7] (PMEA, 65) (173), synthesized in 1987 (174), is foremost among the acycHc nucleoside analogues proven to be effective inhibitors of HIV-1 repHcation. The in vitro potency and selectivity of PMEA is comparable to the antiHIV-1 potency and selectivity of 2, 3 -dideoxy-adenosine (175). Although less potent than AZT in vitro PMEA, CgH22N 04P, is markedly more potent than AZT as an in vivo inhibitor of retrovims repHcation (176). In fact, PMEA has proven efficacious in the treatment of murine, feline, and simian retrovims infections in mice, cats, and monkeys, respectively. 

Ricin [9009-86-3], a phytotoxin found in the seeds of the castor oil plant Acinus communis, conjugated to murine monoclonal antibody (Immunogen Corp.), has been approved by the U.S. Food and Dmg Administration (FDA) for the treatment of patients with B-ceU leukemia and lymphoma (59). 

Reverse transcriptase (from avian or murine RNA tumour viruses) [9068-38-6] [EC 2.7.7.49]. Purified by solubilising the virus with non-ionic detergent. Lysed virions were adsorbed on DEAE-cellulose or DEAE-Sephadex columns and the enzyme eluted with a salt gradient, then chromatographed on a phosphocellulose column and enzyme activity eluted in a salt gradient. Purified from other viral proteins by affinity chromatography on a pyran-Sepharose column. [Verna Biochim Biophys Acta 473 1 7977 Smith Methods Enzymol 65 560 1980 see commercial catalogues for other transcriptases.]... 

Fremont, D.H., Matsumura, M., 5tura, E.A., Peterson, P.A., Wilson, I.A. Crystal structures of two viral peptides in complex with murine MHC class I H2-K . Science 257 919-927, 1992. 

Lascombe, M.-B., et al. Three-dimensional structure of Fab R 19.9, a monoclonal murine antibody specific for the p-azobenzenearsonate group. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86 607-611, 1989. 

X-ray studies at 22.5 A resolution of murine polyomavlrus by 1. Rayment and D.L.D. Caspar at Brandeis University confirmed the presence of these 72 capsomers at the expected positions, but even at low resolution the pentagonal shape of all 72 capsomers was evident (Figure 16.22). They concluded that each capsomer must be a pentameric assembly of the major viral subunit, known as viral protein 1 (VPl). Each of the 60 icosahedral asymmetric units contains 6 VPl subunits, not 7, and the complete shell contains 360 VPl subunits. The 12 VPl pentamers centered on icosahedral fivefold axes are identically related to their five neighbors, but the 60 pentamers centered on pseudosixfold positions "see" each of their 6 neighbors quite differently (Figure 16.23). How can such diversity of interaction be incorporated into the bonding properties of just one type of protein subunit, without compromising specificity and accuracy of assembly ... 

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