Murine myeloma protein

Lee et al. used Warshel s program ENZYMIX to run FEP calculations on the relative binding free energies of phosphorylcholine analogs to the murine myeloma protein McPC603. Initial coordinates were taken from a corresponding X-ray structure.265 The and AAG Pj values for the 3-carbox-... 

Anti-galactan lectins from the clam Tridacna maxima and the sponge Axinella polypoides have been used in studies of murine myeloma protein J 539. Three... 

Blobel, G., and Dobberstein, B. (1975a). Transfer of proteins across membranes. I. Presence of proteolytically processed and unprocessed nascent immunoglobulin light chains on membrane-bound ribosomes of murine myeloma. J. Cell Biol. 67, 835—851. 

Mammalian cell suspension cultures are the preferred choice for large-scale recombinant protein production in stirred-tank bioreactors. The most widely used systems are Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and the murine myeloma fines NSO and SP2/0. In half of the biological license approvals from 1996-2000, CHO cells were used for the production of monoclonal antibodies and other recombinant glycosylated proteins, including tPA (tissue plasminogen activator) and an IgGl fusion with the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor, the latter marketed as Enbrel [7]. 

Becker L et al. (2005) Preprotein translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane reconstituted Tom40 forms a characteristic TOM pore. J Mol Biol 353 1011-1020 Blobel G, Dobberstein (1975a) Transfer of proteins across membranes. I. Presence of proteolytically processed and unprocessed nascent immunoglobulin light chains on membrane-bound ribosomes of murine myeloma. J Cell Biol 67 835-851 Blobel G, Dobberstein (1975b) Transfer to proteins across membranes. II. Reconstitution of functional rough microsomes from heterologous components. J Cell Biol 67 852-862... 

Although numerous cell lines have been screened for their efficiency as a host system for recombinant protein production, only a few have shown favorable properties for the expression of biopharmaceuticals (Hauser, 1997). Regulatory and economic issues for large-scale production and the intended application of the recombinant protein (diagnosis, therapy, etc.) have to be carefully considered (Makrides and Prentice, 2003). Three mammalian cell lines are now commonly used by the pharmaceutical industry Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, the murine myeloma SP2/0 and the NS0 cell line (see Table 3.1). These cell lines have been used to produce 11 of 21 therapeutic products approved from 1996 to 2000 (Chu and Robinson, 2001). 

In 1973, Cotton et al. successfully fused cells of two plasmacytoma lines to produce hybrid cells capable of synthesizing both myeloma proteins. Subsequently, hybrid cells derived by fusion of a murine myeloma with spleen cells from appropriately immunized donors were shown to se-... 

Palivizumab Humanized anti-RSV antibody Synagis Antiviral. Humanized mAb (5% murine) directed to an epitope in the A antigenic site of the F protein of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Produced by a stable murine myeloma cell line. respiratory diseases caused by respiratory syncytial virus... 

Numerous cell lines have been developed for the purpose of recombinant protein expression however, several cell lines have dominated the field. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO), NSO and SP2/0 murine myeloma, human embryonic kidney (HEK293), and COS cell fines are popular choices. HeLa, BHK, YB2/0, and PerC6 are several other available options that are not discussed in detail here. Several of these cell fines can be grown in attachment-dependent monolayers or suspension cultures. For large-scale culture, cell suspension is preferred. 

Oyajobi BO, Franchin G, Williams PJ, et al. Dual effects of macrophage inflammatory protein-lalpha on osteolysis and tumor burden in the murine 5TGM1 model of myeloma bone disease. Blood 2003 102(1) 311—319. 

In the hybridoma technique (see Fig. 2), mice are inoculated with a specific protein, the desired antigenic target, over several months. The mouse is then sacrificed, and splenic lymphocytes are harvested. The murine splenic cells are coincubated and fused with immortaUzed human myeloma cells in vitro [32]. The fused cells grow into colonies that effectively serve as antibody-producing biologic factories. Each colony produces molecularly identical antibodies arising from the same original mouse lymphocyte—hence the term monoclonal. Antibodies are then tested for specificity or desired immune effect. 

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