Monoclonal murine

Lascombe, M.-B., et al. Three-dimensional structure of Fab R 19.9, a monoclonal murine antibody specific for the p-azobenzenearsonate group. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86 607-611, 1989. 

A dysregulation of the ThI T cell response is present in inflammatory bowel disease, especially Crohn s disease. One of the key proinflammatory cytokines in the ThI response is TNF-c. Infliximab is a chimeric mouse-human monoclonal antibody to human TNF-tr. It consists of human IgGl constant regions, human flight chains and transplanted monoclonal murine variable regions that have a high affinity for TNF-er The molecule is 25% murine and 75% human. 

Okudaira, K., Yoshizawa, H., and Williams, R. C. Jr., Monoclonal murine anti-DNA antibody interacts with living mononuclear cells. Arthritis Rheum. 30, 669-678 (1987). 

Noncompartmental analysis of ATI plasma data indicated that ATI distributed into a steady-state volume of distribution of 110-200 mL/kg, and that ATI was cleared at a rate of 0.75-1.08mL/h/kg, with a terminal half-life of 105-154h. These values are similar to those reported by Bazin-Redureau et al. after single-dose (0.7mg/kg) i.v. administration of a monoclonal murine IgGl to rats [15]. In their study, they reported = 125 + 4.0mL/kg, systemic clearance = 0.48 0.05mL/h/ kg, and a terminal half-life = 194 + 19 h. 

Ricin [9009-86-3], a phytotoxin found in the seeds of the castor oil plant Acinus communis, conjugated to murine monoclonal antibody (Immunogen Corp.), has been approved by the U.S. Food and Dmg Administration (FDA) for the treatment of patients with B-ceU leukemia and lymphoma (59). 

Muronomab-CD3 is a murine monoclonal antibody directed against the CD3 complex of the T-lymphocyte antigen receptor. This drug selectively diminishes the T-lymphocyte pool resulting in a strong lymphopenia. Similar to other nonhuman antibodies the generation of human antimurine antibodies (HAMA) limits its long-term use. 

Murine monoclonal antibodies reacting with CD4, which is solely located on T-helper lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages, may also be suited for immunosuppression. 

The chimeric human/murine (basiliximab and dacluzi-mab) or murine (inolimomab) monoclonal antibodies are specifically directed against a part (CD25) of the interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor. Binding of one of these antibodies to CD25 thereby displaces physiological IL-2 and prevents proliferation of activated T-lymphocytes. 

Ia+ Murine class II major histocompatibility complex antigen IB4 Anti-CD 18 monoclonal antibody IBD Inflammatory bowel disease IBMX 3-isobutyl-l-methylxanthine IBS Inflammatory bowel syndrome iC3 Inactivated C3 iC4 Inactivated C4 IC50 Concentration producing 50% inhibition... 

LPS Lipopolysaccharide L-selectin Leucocte selectin, formerly knovm as monoclonal antibody that recognizes murine L-selectin (MEL-14 antigen), leucocyte cell adhesion molecule-1 (LeuCAM-1), lectin cell adhesion molecule-1 (LeCAM-1 or LecCAM-1), leucocyte adhesion molecule-1 (LAM-1)... 

Basiliximab and daclizumab are considered monoclonal antibodies. Daclizumab is a humanized antibody that is approximately 10% murine and 90% human, whereas basiliximab is a chimeric antibody that is approximately 30% murine and 70% human.9,11 These agents bind with high affinity to the IL-2 receptor, where they act as CD25 receptor antagonists. These receptors are present on almost all activated T cells. Their role in induction therapy involves inhibiting IL-2-mediated activation of lymphocytes, which is an important step for the clonal expansion of T cells. 

Muronomab-CD3 (OKT-3) is a murine monoclonal antibody that targets the CD3 receptor. The CD3 receptor is only found on activated T cells and medullary thymocytes.10,11,14 After binding with the CD3 receptor, complement-mediated T cell lysis occurs rapidly. This agent is dosed at 5 mg/day. This dose is given daily for 10 to 14 days. Lower doses have been used successfully in liver transplant recipients.14... 

The most promising types of biologic response modifiers are monoclonal antibodies, cytokines, and fusion proteins.1 Monoclonal antibodies may be chimeric (fused mouse and human segments designated -ximab ), humanized with intermittent murine sequences (designated -zumab ), human backbone with monkey sequences, or fully human.40... 

McMillan, D.E., Hardwick, W.C., Li, M. et al. Effects of murine-derived anti-methamphetamine monoclonal antibodies on (+)-methamphetamine self-administration in the rat. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 309 1248, 2004. 

Eosinophilia is a hallmark of intestinal nematode infection and is known to be under the control of IL-5 (Finkelman et al., 1992). As discussed above, treatment with anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody (and so ablation of eosinophilia) had no effect on expulsion of T. muris, 77. polygyms, N. brasiliensis or T. spiralis infections, suggesting that either redundant mechanisms operate under these circumstances or that eosinophils are not a critical component of effector responses operating against most murine... 

Mundegar RR, Franke E, Schafer R, et al. Reduction of high background staining by heating unfixed mouse skeletal muscle tissue sections allows for detection of thermostable antigens with murine monoclonal antibodies./. Histochem. Cytochem. 2008 56 969-975. 

Ghetie, V., Ghetie, M.-A., Uhr, J.W., and Vitetta, E.S. (1988) Large scale preparation of immunotoxins constructed with the Fab fragment of IgGl murine monoclonal antibodies and chemically deglyco-sylated ricin A chain./. Immunol. Meth. 112, 267-277. 

CP coat protein CtxB cholera toxin B subunit scFv single chain Fv antibody fragment TMOF trypsin modulating oostatic factor MAB monoclonal antibody GFP green fluorescent protein CPV Canine parvovirus BHV Bovine herpes virus FMDV Foot and mouth disease virus HCV Hepatitis C virus HRV Human rhino Virus MEV Mink enteritis virus MHV Murine hepatitis virus MV Measles virus RSV Respiratory syncytial virus... 

Mammalian cell suspension cultures are the preferred choice for large-scale recombinant protein production in stirred-tank bioreactors. The most widely used systems are Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and the murine myeloma fines NSO and SP2/0. In half of the biological license approvals from 1996-2000, CHO cells were used for the production of monoclonal antibodies and other recombinant glycosylated proteins, including tPA (tissue plasminogen activator) and an IgGl fusion with the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor, the latter marketed as Enbrel [7]. 

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