P-388 murine leukemia cells

In 1991, Kojiri et al. reported the isolation of BE-13793C (344), an alkaloid isomeric with the arcyriaflavins C (347) and D (348) (see Scheme 2.89), from the culture broth of Streptoverticillium moharaense strain BA 13793 collected in Seto, Aichi Perfecture, Japan. BE-13793C (344) showed strong inhibitory activity against topoisomerases I and II and inhibited the growth of doxorubicin-resistant or vincristine-resistant P-388 murine leukemia cell lines, as well as their parent P-388 cell line (330). 

Psammaplysin E (84), ceratinamine (85), and molokaiamine (86) from the sponge Pseudoceratina purpurea exhibit potent cytotoxicity against P-388 murine leukemia cells with IC50 values of 2.1, 3.4, and 2.1 pg/ml, respectively [74]. Recently, the related waianaeamines have been isolated from an undescribed verongid sponge from Molokai Island [75]. 

WUd-type P-388 murine leukemia cell line result expressed as IC50 (pM) value Not tested... 

Wild-type and camptothecin-resistant P-388 murine leukemia cell Une results expressed as IC50 ( iM) values... 

Fiisetam, 1995a). Halicylindrosides are moderately antifungal and cytotoxic for P-388 murine leukemia cells. 

Daphneticin (12), isolated from Daphne tangutica, showed cytotoxic activity against Walker carcinosarcoma ascites cells (68) but was inactive against KB cells (68). In vitro studies showed cleomiscosin A (9), isolated from the chloroform extract of Brucea javanica, to be active against the murine P-388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line (EDsq = 0.4 pg ml ), but inactive against the KB test system (57). Luyengi et al. reported the lack of activity of the same compound when evaluated against HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells (59). 

A new quassinoid % vlq,os 6.q, picrasinoside-H (35), was isolated from the same plant as a colorless amorphous solid. An in vitro cytotoxicity assay was carried out according to the NCI procedure [4] Picrasinoside-A (26), -B (27), -C (28), -D (29), -E (30), and -G (32) were tested against KB (nasal pharingeal carcinoma), TE-671 (human medulloblastoma), A-549 (human lung carcinoma), HCT-8 (human colon carcinoma), RPMI (human melanoma), and P-388 (murine leukemia) tumor cells. But, no significant (ED50 < 4 [ig/ml) cytotoxicity was observed in these quassinoids [16]. 

Although all of the discorhabdins have effective in vitro properties, only discorhabdin D showed in vivo antitumor activity (T/C 132%) against the P-388 murine leukemia (201). During a cytotoxicity testing against human colon tumor cell line HCT-116, discorhabdin A was found to be cytotoxic (IC50 0.04 /Ag/ml) (202,203). Discorhabdin A and C were also reported to be effective against EL-4.1L cell adhesion (191). 

Cytotoxicity by palytoxins has also been demonstrated in human bronchial epithelial cells [69], 3T3 Swiss mouse cells [70], V79 Chinese hamster lung cells [71], H 2981 human lung adenocarcinoma cells [72], EL-4 murine T-lymphoma cells [72], HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells [73], and by an extract of O. siamensis in neuroblastoma cells [19], Palytoxin was shown to be highly toxic to P-388 lymphocytic leukemia cells [15]. Ostreocin D was significantly less toxic than palytoxin to the last-named cells [15]. Palytoxin, at very low concentration, inhibited the motility... 

Ansamycin antibiotics are probably the most complex organic compounds produced by the genus Streptomyces. In addition to the antibacterial, they also exhibit antiviral effects. Ansamitocin P-3 shows a potent cytotoxicity against the human solid tumor cell lines A-549 and HT-29. The compound exhibits a significant activity against P-388 lymphocytic leukemia in mice and both 9PS (murine lymphocytic leukemia) and 9KB (human nasopharyngeal carcinoma) in cell culture systems. [38]. 

In addition to silymarin, hydnocarpin (68) and sinaiticin (96) isolated from Verbascum sinaiticum exhibited cytotoxicity against cultured P-388 (murine lymphocytic leukemia) cells (120). 5 -Methoxyhydnocarpin-D (79) and silybin (1) have been identified as bacterial MDR pump inhibitors (107). 

Berberine chloride was demonstrated to possess significant cytotoxic activity against cultured P-388 (murine lymphocytic leukemia) cells, in addition to three human cancer cell lines BC1 (breast cancer) - EDJ0 2.7 pM) HT-1080 (fibrosarcoma) - ED50 2.4 pM) and KB (nasopharyngeal carcinoma) - EDJ0 8.4 pM)[336]. 

Berberrubine chloride was found to exhibit cytotoxic activity against cultured P-388 (murine lymphocytic leukemia) cells (1.7 pM)[336]. 

Podophyllotoxin (1), 4 -danethyldeoxypodophyUotoxin (2) and P-apopicro-podophyllin (3) strongly inhibited P-388 (murine lymphocytic leukemia) the IC50 values (concentration at which 50% of cells were killed) were 0.003, 0.005, and... 

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