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Cells growth

Phase II is called the exponential growth phase owing to the fact that the cell s growth rate is proportional to the cell concentration. In this phase the cells are dividing at the maximum rate because all of the enzyme s pathways for metabolizing the substrate are in place (as a result of the lag phase) and the cells are able to use the nutrients most efficiently. [Pg.423]

The final phase. Phase IV, is the death phase where a decrease in live cell concentration occurs. This decline is a result of the toxic by-products, harsh environments, and/or depletion of nutrient supply. [Pg.423]

While many laws exist for the cell grow-th rate of new cells, that is. [Pg.423]

For a number of different bacteria, the constant K, is small, in which case rate law reditces to [Pg.424]

The growth rate, r-j,. often depend.s on more than one nutrient concentrati however, the nutrient that is limiting is usually the one used in Equal (7-53). [Pg.424]

Biochemical Engineering A Textbook for Engineers, Chemists and Biologists Shigeo Katoh and Fumitake Yoshida [Pg.47]

Copyright 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA, Weinheim ISBN 978-3-527-32536-8 [Pg.47]

The cell concentration is usually expressed by the cell number density Cn (the number of cells per cubic meter of medium), or by the cell mass concentration Cx (the dry weight, in kg, of cells per cubic meter of medium). For any given size and composition of a cell, the cell mass and the cell number per unit volume of medium should be proportional. Such is the case of balanced growth, which is generally attained under some suitable conditions. The growth rate of cells on a dry mass basis, rx (expressed as kg dry cells m-3h-1), is defined by  [Pg.48]

The time from one fission to the next fission, or from budding to budding, is the generation time tg (h), and is approximately equal to the doubling time. Several examples of specific growth rates are given in Table 4.2. [Pg.48]

As cells grow, they consume the nutrients (i.e., substrates) from the medium. A portion of a substrate is used for the growth of cells and constitutes the ell [Pg.48]


Aon M A and Cortassa S 1995 Cell growth and differentiation from the perspeotive of dynamioal organization of oellular and suboellular prooesses Prog. Biophys. Molec. Biol. 64 55-79... [Pg.2852]

The last part of this account will be devoted to protein kinases and protein phosphatases and some recent results we have obtained for them. Protein kinases and phosphatases are signaling biomolecules that control the level of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of tyrosine, serine or threonine residues in other proteins, and by this means regulate a variety of fundamental cellular processes including cell growth and proliferation, cell cycle and cytoskeletal integrity. [Pg.190]

Enediynes hold substantial promise as anti cancer drugs because of their potency and selectivity Not only do they inhibit cell growth they have a greater tendency to kill cancer cells than they do normal cells The mechanism by which enediynes act involves novel chemistry unique to the C C—C=C—C C unit which leads to a species that cleaves DNA and halts tumor growth... [Pg.368]

Those herbicides that block mitotic entry decrease or prevent the formation of mitotic figures in meristems. Amino acid, protein, RNA, DNA, and ATP synthesis and/or utilization can all attest cell growth (163,166). Although not registered as herbicides, cycloheximide [66-81-9] inhibits mitotic entry by inhibiting protein synthesis (167) hydroxyurea/727-(97-/7 inhibits DNA synthesis (168) and actinomycin D [50-76-0] nh2oix.s RNA synthesis (167). [Pg.46]

The inhibitors of amino acid synthesis, sulfonylureas, imidazolinones, and glyphosate, were first recognized as general growth inhibitors that prevent mitotic entry (188,189). Whatever the mode of action, herbicides that inhibit amino acid synthesis also cause a rapid inhibition of cell growth, usually through inhibition of mitotic entry. [Pg.46]

The streptovaricins inhibit the reverse transcriptase of some RNA oncogenic vimses that may be involved in the process of viral transformation (see Antiviral agents). The atropisostreptovaricins again have similar activities to the corresponding natural isomers. The streptovals and streptovarone exhibit gready improved activity against reverse transcriptase relative to the streptovaricins (85), but their in vitro activities were low (86). The damavaricins also inhibit reverse transcriptase (4) as well as tumor cell growth (87). [Pg.495]

The rate of side-chain cleavage of sterols is limited by the low solubiUty of substrates and products and thek low transport rates to and from cells. Cyclodextrins have been used to increase the solubiUties of these compounds and to assist in thek cellular transport. Cyclodextrins increase the rate and selectivity of side-chain cleavage of both cholesterol and P-sitosterol with no effect on cell growth. Optimal conditions have resulted in enhancement of molar yields of androsta-l,4-diene-3,17-dione (92) from 35—40% to >80% in the presence of cyclodextrins (120,145,146,155). [Pg.430]

The leaves of Camellia sinensis are similar to most plants in general morphology and contain all the standard enzymes and stmctures associated with plant cell growth and photosynthesis (10—12). Unique to tea plants are large quantities of flavonoids and methylxanthines, compounds which impart the unique flavor and functional properties of tea. The general composition of fresh tea leaves is presented ia Table 1. [Pg.366]

Nutritional Requirements. The nutrient requirements of mammalian cells are many, varied, and complex. In addition to typical metaboHc requirements such as sugars, amino acids (qv), vitamins (qv), and minerals, cells also need growth factors and other proteins. Some of the proteins are not consumed, but play a catalytic role in the cell growth process. Historically, fetal calf semm of 1—20 vol % of the medium has been used as a rich source of all these complex protein requirements. However, the composition of semm varies from lot to lot, introducing significant variabiUty in manufacture of products from the mammalian cells. [Pg.229]

Product formation kinetics in mammalian cells has been studied extensively for hybridomas. Most monoclonal antibodies are produced at an enhanced rate during the Gq phase of the cell cycle (8—10). A model for antibody production based on this cell cycle dependence and traditional Monod kinetics for cell growth has been proposed (11). However, it is not clear if this cell cycle dependence carries over to recombinant CHO cells. In fact it has been reported that dihydrofolate reductase, the gene for which is co-amplified with the gene for the recombinant protein in CHO cells, synthesis is associated with the S phase of the cell cycle (12). Hence it is possible that the product formation kinetics in recombinant CHO cells is different from that of hybridomas. [Pg.230]

Additional References Lambert, K. J. and J. R. Birch, Cell Growth... [Pg.2135]

It is important to note that diet is a complex mixture that contain compounds with varying activity. Chemical stimulators of colon cancer growth include bile acids, 1,2-diglycerides and prostaglandins which stem from consumption of fat. In contrast, fruits and vegetables contain substances such as carotenoids, flavonoids and fibre, which may inhibit cancer cell growth, and the risk of colon cancer appears to be mirrored by the ratio of plant sterols to cholesterol in the... [Pg.126]

TBP mutants lacking the N-terminal region are fully functional in promoter binding and stimulation of basal transcription and therefore these two functions must be provided by the C-terminal domain. Furthermore, the C-terminal domain of yeast TBP contains all the functions essential for normal yeast cell growth and for responses to specific transcriptional activators with a net negative charge. This C-terminal domain contains two homologous... [Pg.153]

A protein with the innocuous name p53 is one of the most frequently cited biological molecules in the Science Citation Index. The "p" in p53 stands for protein and "53" indicates a molecular mass of 53 kDa. The p53 protein plays a fundamental role in human cell growth and mutations in this protein are frequently associated with the formation of tumors. It is estimated that of the 6.5 million people diagnosed with one or another form of cancer each year about half have p53 mutations in their tumor cells and that the vast majority of these mutations are single point mutations. [Pg.166]

Figure 13.24 Six subfamilies of receptor tyrosine kinases involved in cell growth and differentiation. Only one or two members of each subfamily are indicated. Note that the tyrosine kinase domain is interrupted by a "kinase insert region" in some of the subfamilies. The functional significance of the cysteine-rich and immunoglobulin-like domains is unknown. Figure 13.24 Six subfamilies of receptor tyrosine kinases involved in cell growth and differentiation. Only one or two members of each subfamily are indicated. Note that the tyrosine kinase domain is interrupted by a "kinase insert region" in some of the subfamilies. The functional significance of the cysteine-rich and immunoglobulin-like domains is unknown.

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Animal cell lines growth kinetics

Animals growth from single cells

Anti-HeLa cell growth

Arrest cell growth

Aspirin cell growth

Auxins plant cell-wall growth

B-cell growth factor

Bacterial cells growth

Biocompatibility cell growth inhibition

Bioreactors animal cell growth

Bioreactors cell growth

Bioreactors living cell growth process

Blood cell growth factor

Body implants cell growth graft

Caco-2 cell growth

Calcium binding proteins cell growth

Cancer and other problems of cell growth

Cancer cell growth

Carboxyl Cell growth

Carrot cells cell growth condition

Cell Growth Measurement

Cell body, growth

Cell culture growth dynamics

Cell culture growth limitations

Cell culture growth surface

Cell culture hybridoma growth

Cell cycle and growth

Cell cycle growth linked

Cell growth - chitosan film

Cell growth - poly

Cell growth CSTF)

Cell growth accelerating phase

Cell growth and differentiation

Cell growth assays

Cell growth cells

Cell growth cells

Cell growth cycle

Cell growth decelerating phase

Cell growth declining phase

Cell growth inhibition

Cell growth inhibitors

Cell growth inhibitory activity

Cell growth inhibitory agent

Cell growth media

Cell growth phases

Cell growth phases Death phase

Cell growth phases Stationary phase

Cell growth rates

Cell growth regulation

Cell growth stationary phase

Cell growth substituent

Cell growth tests

Cell growth vehicles

Cell growth, cytokine bioassays

Cell growth, ganglioside effect

Cell growth, model

Cell growth/development

Cell growth/differentiation

Cell preparation growth medium/substrate

Cell specific growth rates

Cell survival and growth

Cell wall growth mechanism

Cell, growth stages

Cell-growth inhibition assays

Cell-growth kinetics

Cell-growth kinetics equation

Cells growth and

Cells growth and division

Cervical cancer cell growth

Chinese hamster cells growth

Controlled cell growth

Cytokine/cell growth factor

Effect of Fatty Acids on Cell Growth and PHA Accumulation

Effect of Temperature on Insect Cell Growth Kinetics

Endothelial cell growth factors

Epidermal growth factor cell culture

Epidermal growth factor cell membrane binding

Epidermal growth factor cell-surface receptors

Epidermal growth factor cells

Epidermal growth factor cells targeted

Epidermal growth factor receptor HeLa cells

Exponential cell growth

Factors Affecting Rates of Cell Growth

Factors influencing cell growth

Factors influencing cell growth potential

Growth Factors, Oncogenes, and the Cell Cycle

Growth Medium and Substrate Effects on Spectroscopic Examination of Cells

Growth Phases of Cells

Growth and Survival of CD4 T Cell Subsets

Growth cones cell adhesion molecules

Growth equations, cell

Growth factors expressed mesenchymal stem cells

Growth factors for haemopoietic cells

Growth mouse leukemia cells

Growth of CACO-2 Cells on 24-well Plates

Growth of cell

Growth of myeloma cell lines

Growth of nerve cells

Growth of tumor cells

Growth producing cells

Growth rates of cells

Growth single cells

Growth stem cell factor

Growth, cell Subject

Hematopoietic cell growth, migration

Hematopoietic growth factors cells

Heparan sulfate cell growth regulation

Human cancer cell lines growth inhibition assay

In Vitro Cell Growth

In cell growth and differentiation

Kinase-dependent cell growth

Kinetic cell growth

L929 cells growth

Living cell growth process

Mammalian cells growth

Mammary cell growth

Mast cell growth factor,

Metastatic breast cancer cells, growth

Modulation of cell growth

Monod equation, cell growth

Monod growth kinetics cell yield

Myeloma cell lines growth

Neoplastic cell growth

Nerve growth factor cell specificity

Nucleolus cell growth

Nutrients cell growth

Plant Cell Growth Curve Materials

Plant growth regulation cell division

Plants growth from single cells

Platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor

Platelet-derived growth factor cells targeted

Polarity cell wall growth

Polymer film cell growth

Pre-B-cell growth stimulating factor

Proto cells, growth

Purkinje cells nerve growth factor

Quantitative Analysis of Cell Growth, Metabolism and Product Formation

Rate laws cell growth

Regulation of cell growth

Role in cell growth

Signal cell growth

Single-cell growth and division

Skin, cell growth

Solid cell growth

Stoichiometry cell growth

T-cell growth factor

Temperature Cell growth

Three-dimensional cell growth

Tobacco tumor cell growth, inhibition

Transforming growth factor beta cell culture

Transforming growth factor cells

Tumor cell growth, anchorage independent

Tumor cells growth

Vascular endothelial cell growth

Vascular endothelial cell growth factor

Vascular endothelial cell growth factor VEGF)

Vascular smooth muscle cells growth factors

Well cell growth or toxicity assays

Yeast cell growth

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