Cytokine/cell growth factor

CVE has been shown to be a potent host-mediated immuno-modulator by augmenting the production of a cytokine/cell growth factor, such as GM-CSF, and/or the responsiveness of the progenitor to CSF [17]. In conclusion, oral administration of CVE augments the resistance against listerial infection via the early development of cell-mediated immunity to Listeria. 

The humoral factors include numerous cytokines and growth factors, which act as classical endocrine, paracrine or autocrine regulators. Developing cells are sensitive to a range of such factors at all times during their maturation and, in the case of white blood cells, during their existence within the circulation. To ensure responsiveness during their development, cells must express on their surface a variety of receptors at different times. 

Keratinocytes are also important cellular sources of cytokines such as the T-cell growth factor IL-15 in the skin. IL-15 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of different skin diseases by virtue of its action on the maintenance of T cells - possibly also intraepithelial T cells. 

Anthelmintic, antiprotozoal, anti-neoplastic, and antiviral agent Binds many proteins, i.e., cytokines. epidermal growth factor, and members of the FGF family inhibits dengue virus infec-tivity of host cells very long in vivo half-life, exhibits a wide range of toxic side effects 40-47... 

Leflunomide is a prodrug that is converted to an active malonitrilamide metabolite, A77 1726 (Ml). Ml inhibits T-cell proliferation by blocking de novo pyrimidine synthesis and inhibiting the tyrosine kinases that are associated with certain cytokine and growth factor receptors. 

Anticancer intCTleukin-2/T-cell cytokine protein (growth factor)... 

Based on the findings we review in this chapter, how can we improve the clinical activity of rituximab against tumor cells Given that ADCC activity is an important action of rituximab, several approaches have been proposed. First, higher-dose infusions of rituximab may overcome low binding affinity to rituximab, although clinical trials have not been done yet. Second, concurrent administration of cytokines or growth factors has been proposed to increase the activity of ADCC effector cells. 

Based on the finding that IL-2, IL-12, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) can enhance the ADCC activities of effector cells (73), several trials have demonstrated improved activity of effector cells by administration of cytokines or growth factor (54,74). However,... 

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