Vascular smooth muscle cells growth factors

In 1991 inhibition of PKC activity was found to be at the basis of the vascular smooth muscle cell growth arrest induced by a-tocopherol [16,17]. A number of reports have subsequently confirmed the involvement of PKC in the effect of a-tocopherol on different cell types, including monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, fibroblasts and mesangial cells [8,18-20]. a-Tocopherol, but not P-tocopherol, was found to inhibit thrombin-induced PKC activation and endothelin secretion in endothelial cells [21]. a-Tocopherol, and not P-tocopherol or trolox, inhibits the activity of PKC fi-om monocytes, followed by inhibition of phosphorylation and translocation of the cytosolic factor p47(phox) and by an impaired assembly of the NADPH-oxidase and of superoxide production [22]. a-Tocopherol has the important biological effect of inhibiting the release of the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-lp, via inhibition of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway [23]. 

Majack RA, Majesky MW, Goodman LV (1990) Role of PDGF-A expression in the control of the vascular smooth muscle cell growth by transforming growth factor-beta. J Cell Biol 111 239-247... 

Itoh H, Mukoyama M, Pratt RE, Gibbons GH, Dzau VJ (1993) Multiple autocrine growth factors modulate vascular smooth muscle cell growth response to angiotensin II. J Clin Invest 91 2268-2274... 

Growth factor facilitates vascular endothelial cell, vascular smooth muscle cell, and fibroblast multiplication and growth, leading to repair of damaged blood vessels. 

Grainger DJ, Weissberg PL, Metcalfe JC (1993) Tamoxifen decreases the rate of proliferation of rat vascular smooth-muscle cells in culture by inducing production of transforming growth factor beta. Biochem J 294 109-112... 

Teng, J., Fukuda, N., Hu, W.Y., Nakayama, M., Kishioka, H. and Kanmatsuse, K. (2000) DNA-RNA chimeric hammerhead ribozyme to transforming growth factor-beta (1) mRNA inhibits the exaggerated growth of vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cardiovasc. Res., 48,138-147. 

Cao W, Mohacsi B Shorthouse R, Pratt R, Morris RE. Effects of rapamycin on growth factor-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cell DNA synthesis, Inhibition of basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor action and antagonism of rapamycin by FK506, Transplantation 1995 3 390-395. 

Eguchi, S., Numaguchi, K., Iwasaki, H., et al. 1998. Calcium-dependent epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation mediates the angiotensin II-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 273 8890-8896. 

Gibbons, G. H., Pratt, R. E., and Dzau, V. J. 1992. Vascular smooth muscle cell hypertrophy vs. hyperplasia. Autocrine transforming growth factor-beta 1 expression determines growth response to angiotensin II. J Clin Invest 90 456—461. 

Ohtsu, H., Dempsey, P. J., Frank, G. D., et al. 2006. ADAM17 mediates epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation and vascular smooth muscle cell hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II. Arterioscler Thromb Vase Biol 26 el33-137. 

Ushio-Fukai, M., Griendling, K. K., Becker, P. L., et al. 2001. Epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation by angiotensin II requires reactive oxygen species in vascular smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vase Biol 21 489—495. 

Bokemeyer, D., Schmi, U., and Kramer, H.J. 2000. Angiotensin Il-induced growth of vascular smooth muscle cells requires an Src-dependent activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. Kidney Int. 58 549-558. 

Eguchi, S., Numaguchi, K., Iwasaki, H., Matsumoto, T., Yamakawa, T., Utsunomiya, H., Motley, E.D., Kawakatsu, H., Owada, K.M., Hirata, Y., Marumo, F., and Inagami, T. 1998. Calcium-dependent epidermal growth factor receptor transactivaiton mediates the angiotensin Il-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Biol. Chem. 273 8890-8896. 

Cruzado, M. C., Risler, N. R., Miatello, R. M., Yao, G., Schiffrin, E. L., and Touyz, R. M. 2005. Vascular smooth muscle cell NAD(P)H oxidase activity during the development of hypertension effect of angiotensin II and role of insulinhke growth factor-1 receptor transactivation. Am. J. Hypertens. 18 81-87. 

Azar, Z.M., M.Z. Mehdi, and A.K. Srivastava. 2006. Activation of insulin-like growth factor type-1 receptor is required for HjOj-induced PKB phosphorylation in vascular smooth muscle cells. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 84 777-786. 

Role of Growth Factor Receptor Transactivation in Vasoactive Peptide-Induced Signaling Pathways in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells... 

AzarZM, Mehdi MZ, Srivastava AK. 2007. Insulin-like growth factor type-1 receptor transactivation in vasoactive peptide and oxidant-induced signaling pathways in vascular smooth muscle cells. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 85 105-111. 

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