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Semiconductor-metal

Phase transitions are involved in critical temperature thermistors. Vanadium, VO2, and vanadium trioxide [1314-34-7] V2O3, have semiconductors—metal transitions in which the conductivity decreases by several orders of magnitude on cooling. Electronic phase transitions are also observed in superconducting ceramics like YBa2Cu30y but here the conductivity increases sharply on cooling through the phase transition. [Pg.309]

Deposition of Thin Films. Laser photochemical deposition has been extensively studied, especially with respect to fabrication of microelectronic stmctures (see Integrated circuits). This procedure could be used in integrated circuit fabrication for the direct generation of patterns. Laser-aided chemical vapor deposition, which can be used to deposit layers of semiconductors, metals, and insulators, could define the circuit features. The deposits can have dimensions in the micrometer regime and they can be produced in specific patterns. Laser chemical vapor deposition can use either of two approaches. [Pg.19]

Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy has been used for quality control and test analysis in many industries including computers, semiconductors, metals, cement, paper, and polymers. EDS has been used in medicine in the analysis of blood, tis-... [Pg.121]

As the nanotube diameter increases, more wave vectors become allowed for the circumferential direction, the nanotubes become more two-dimensional and the semiconducting band gap disappears, as is illustrated in Fig. 19 which shows the semiconducting band gap to be proportional to the reciprocal diameter l/dt. At a nanotube diameter of dt 3 nm (Fig. 19), the bandgap becomes comparable to thermal energies at room temperature, showing that small diameter nanotubes are needed to observe these quantum effects. Calculation of the electronic structure for two concentric nanotubes shows that pairs of concentric metal-semiconductor or semiconductor-metal nanotubes are stable [178]. [Pg.71]

J. C. Carrano, P. A. Grudowski, C. J. Biting, R. D. Dupuis, J. C. Campbell. Very low dark current metal-semiconductor-metal ultraviolet photodetectors fabricated on single-crystal GaN epitaxial layers. Appl Phys Lett 70 1992, 1997. [Pg.931]

Tungsten i s a highly refractory, high-density metal. It has excellent chemical resistance except that it oxidizes readily. It is brittle mostly because of impurities and is difficult to form by standard metallurgical processes. It can be produced easily by CVD as a very pure and relatively ductile metal. CVD tungsten is used in many applications and is an important semiconductor metal. Its properties are summarized in Table 6.13. [Pg.171]

Copper is intrinsically a better metal than aluminum for the metallization of IC s. Latest developments in MOCVD show that it can be readily deposited without major changes in existing processing equipment. Diffusion problems are minimized and it appears that present barrier materials, such as titanium nitride or titanium-tungsten alloys, should provide adequate diffusion barriers for the copper-silicon couple, certainly up to the highest temperatures presently used in IC s processing (see Ch. 6). The development of CVD copper for semiconductor metallization is on a considerable scale at this time.Clt ]... [Pg.371]

Fi.g 1 a—e. Charge transfer processes at pn-junctions (left side) and semiconductor-metal Schottky junctions (right side). [Pg.82]

The forward current at a semiconductor-metal junction is mainly determined by a majority carrier transfer i.e. electrons for n-type, as illustrated in Fig. 1 d. In this majority carrier device the socalled thermionic emission model is applied according to which all electrons reaching the surface are transferred to the metal. In this case we have ... [Pg.83]

Figure 9.60 Many different thiol-containing linkers can be used to prepare water-soluble QDs. The monothiol compounds suffer from the deficiency of being easily oxidized or displaced off the surface, thus creating holes for potential nonspecific binding. The dithiol linkers are superior in this regard, as they form highly stable dative bonds with the semiconductor metal surface that do not get displaced. The PEG-based linkers are especially effective at creating a biocompatible surface for conjugation with biomolecules. Figure 9.60 Many different thiol-containing linkers can be used to prepare water-soluble QDs. The monothiol compounds suffer from the deficiency of being easily oxidized or displaced off the surface, thus creating holes for potential nonspecific binding. The dithiol linkers are superior in this regard, as they form highly stable dative bonds with the semiconductor metal surface that do not get displaced. The PEG-based linkers are especially effective at creating a biocompatible surface for conjugation with biomolecules.
Energy level diagram for an n-type semiconductor-metal photoelectrolysis cell in which the flat-band potential lf(b lies above the H+/H2 potential, whereas the 02/H20 potential lies above the valence band of the n-type semiconductor. [Pg.235]

Semiconductor metal Response influenced by humidity, pressure, 100- 500... [Pg.530]

The Schottky-Mott theory predicts a current / = (4 7t e m kB2/h3) T2 exp (—e A/kB 7) exp (e n V/kB T)— 1], where e is the electronic charge, m is the effective mass of the carrier, kB is Boltzmann s constant, T is the absolute temperature, n is a filling factor, A is the Schottky barrier height (see Fig. 1), and V is the applied voltage [31]. In Schottky-Mott theory, A should be the difference between the Fermi level of the metal and the conduction band minimum (for an n-type semiconductor-to-metal interface) or the valence band maximum (for a p-type semiconductor-metal interface) [32, 33]. Certain experimentally observed variations of A were for decades ascribed to pinning of states, but can now be attributed to local inhomogeneities of the interface, so the Schottky-Mott theory is secure. The opposite of a Schottky barrier is an ohmic contact, where there is only an added electrical resistance at the junction, typically between two metals. [Pg.43]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.86 ]




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A Primer to Semiconductor-Metal Contacts

Band structure of insulators, semiconductors and metals

Bipolar complementary metal oxide-semiconductor

Bonding in Solids Metals, Insulators, and Semiconductors

Bonding in metals and semiconductors

Bonding of transition metals and semiconductors

Capacitor sensors metal-oxide-semiconductor

Catalysis metal-semiconductor contacts

Catalytic gate metal-oxide-semiconductor

Charge carrier transport metal-semiconductor interface

Classical models of metal desorption from semiconductor surfaces

Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Devices

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor CMOS) circuits

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor CMOS) process

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor CMOS) transistors

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor field effect

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor power consumption

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor process

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor semiconductors

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor-based sensors

Complementary metal oxide-semiconductor CMOS) technology

Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor CMOS) devices

Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor circuits

Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology

Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor CMOS)

Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor Transistors

Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor integrated circuit

Complimentary metal-oxide semiconductor

Contact charging metal-semiconductor

Electrical conduction in metals and semiconductors

Electrical resistance, metals semiconductors

Electrocatalytic Activity of Semiconductor Electrodes Modified by Surface-Deposited Metal Nanophase

Electrodeposition of Metals and Semiconductors

Electron-hole separation, metallized semiconductor powder

Empirical Potentials for Metals and Semiconductors

Escape-Energy Parameters for Metals and Semiconductors

Features of Metal and Semiconductor Nanoparticles

Ferromagnetic metal/semiconductor

Field metal oxide semiconductor

Field-effect transistors Metal-oxide-semiconductor FETs

Gallium metal-oxide-semiconductor

Gap-mode of metal-inorganic semiconductor system

Hydrides metal-semiconductor transition

Insulators, Semiconductors and Metals

Junction metal-oxide-semiconductor

MISFET (metal-insulator-semiconductor

MOSFETs (metal oxide semiconductor field

MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor

MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor depletion

MOS—See Metal oxide semiconductor

Magnetic semiconductors transition-metal oxides

Measurement of Potentials at Semiconductor and Metal Particles Under Irradiation

Mechanisms of metal—semiconductor interface interactions

Metal Loaded Oxide Semiconductors

Metal Nanoparticles with the Associates of Donor Defects in Wide-Band-Gap n-type Semiconductors

Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) Capacitor

Metal Oxides and Sulfides as Extrinsic Semiconductors

Metal Oxides, Phosphates, Semiconductors, Carbons

Metal and Semiconductor Surfaces in a Vacuum

Metal and semiconductor NPs

Metal chalcogenide semiconductors

Metal insulator semiconductor Held

Metal insulator semiconductor field effect transistor technolog

Metal insulator-semiconductor memory devices

Metal n-type semiconductor

Metal oxide semiconductor based film

Metal oxide semiconductor characterization

Metal oxide semiconductor chemical

Metal oxide semiconductor chemical sensors

Metal oxide semiconductor conventional

Metal oxide semiconductor dependence

Metal oxide semiconductor devices

Metal oxide semiconductor field effect characteristics

Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor switching circuit

Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors, MOSFETs

Metal oxide semiconductor field-effect

Metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor

Metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor MOSFET)

Metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor, principles

Metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors in environmental monitoring

Metal oxide semiconductor inversion layer

Metal oxide semiconductor material responsivity

Metal oxide semiconductor reference electrode

Metal oxide semiconductor sensors

Metal oxide semiconductor surface states

Metal oxide semiconductor transistor (MOSFET

Metal oxide semiconductor unit processes

Metal oxide semiconductor vapor detection

Metal oxide semiconductors in detecting environmentally important gases

Metal oxides semiconductor properties

Metal p-type semiconductor

Metal semiconductor FET

Metal semiconductor and

Metal semiconductor capacitance

Metal semiconductor distribution

Metal semiconductor ideal contact

Metal to semiconductor transition

Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor (MIS) Junction

Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Field Effect

Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor

Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Technique

Metal-Semiconductor (MS) Junction

Metal-Semiconductor Contacts (Schottky Junctions)

Metal-insulator-double semiconductor

Metal-insulator-double semiconductor applications

Metal-insulator-semiconductor

Metal-insulator-semiconductor MIS capacitor

Metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitor type sensors

Metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitors

Metal-insulator-semiconductor devices

Metal-insulator-semiconductor devices diode

Metal-insulator-semiconductor diodes

Metal-oxide Semiconductor Transistor Switch Matrix Address

Metal-oxide semiconductor gas

Metal-oxide semiconductor gas sensors

Metal-oxide-semiconductor FETs

Metal-oxide-semiconductor MOSFET)

Metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor

Metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor development

Metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, characteristics

Metal-oxide-semiconductor hydrogen

Metal-oxide-semiconductor structures

Metal-oxide-semiconductor structures capacitance

Metal-oxide-semiconductor technology

Metal-oxide-semiconductor technology gate oxides

Metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors

Metal-semiconductor contact

Metal-semiconductor field effect

Metal-semiconductor field effect transistor

Metal-semiconductor field effect transistors MESFETs)

Metal-semiconductor interface formation

Metal-semiconductor interfaces

Metal-semiconductor nanocomposite

Metal-semiconductor phase transition

Metal-semiconductor photocatalysts

Metal-semiconductor photocatalysts reactions

Metal-semiconductor system

Metal/insulator/semiconductor FET (MISFET

Metal/insulator/semiconductor junction

Metal/semiconductor crossover

Metal/semiconductor nanoparticles

Metallic semiconductor

Metallized semiconductor powder

Metal—insulator—semiconductor structure

Metal—organic semiconductor, electronic

Metal—organic semiconductor, electronic structure

Micro-calorimetric complementary metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor

Mixed metal oxide semiconductors

N-channel metal oxide semiconductor

N-type metal-oxide semiconductors

N-type metal-oxide semiconductors nMOS)

Nanofeatures on metals and semiconductors

Nickel complexes metal to semiconductor transition

Noble metals, semiconductor sensors

Non-oxide Semiconductors Mixed with Metals or Metal Oxides

P-type metal-oxide semiconductors

Photoelectrolytic cells of metal and semiconductor electrodes

Plasma Etching of Refractory Metals and Semiconductors

Positive channel metal oxide semiconductor devices

Properties and Indiffusion of Metals at the Interfaces with Organic Semiconductors

Resistance thermometer, metallic semiconductor

Semiconductor comparison with metal

Semiconductor metal junction

Semiconductor metallic behaviour

Semiconductor metallization

Semiconductor nanoparticles metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition

Semiconductor powder metallized, electron-hole

Semiconductor solar cells, metal-insulator

Semiconductor, complementary metal

Semiconductor, complementary metal Sensitivity

Semiconductor-Metal Nanocomposites

Semiconductor-metal transition

Semiconductor-metal-solution system

Semiconductors block metal compounds

Semiconductors metal complexes

Semiconductors metal oxides

Semiconductors metal oxynitrides

Semiconductors metallicity

Semiconductors metallicity

Semiconductors nanocrystalline metal oxide

Semiconductors transition metal oxide surfaces

Semiconductors, disordered metal oxides

Solar metal-insulator-semiconductor

Surfaces semiconductor-metal

Synthesis of metal nanoparticles (Au, Ag, Pt, Cu) on semiconductor surface by photostimulated deposition from solution

Temperature dependence semiconductors, metals

The Liquid-Vapor Critical Point Data of Fluid Metals and Semiconductors

Thermal Conductivity of Metals and Semiconductors as a Function

Thermoelectric Properties of Metals and Semiconductors

Transistors, metal oxide semiconductor field

Transition metals, doped semiconductor

Transition metals, doped semiconductor diluted magnetic semiconductors

Transition metals, doped semiconductor nanocrystals

Tunneling at metal-semiconductor contact

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