CABLE

LEMO connectors come in different versions with different pin numbers. Coaxial versions for 50 Q systems are available. Assembling the eonneetors is somewhat tricky. Nevertheless, LEMO connectors are commonly used on NIM modules. 

If a cable is terminated with an impedance different from Z, a part of the signal is reflected at the load and travels back to the source. If the source is also mismatched, the signal is reflected again and appears at the output after twice the cable transit time. Depending on the relation of the pulse width to the cable length, and the source and load impedance (which may be not purely resistive), the resulting pulse shapes can be very different. 

Cables are available for Z= 50, 60, 75 and 100 Q. For measurement equipment and other wide-band systems only Z = 50 Q is used. The CFD inputs of TCSPC modules, amplifiers, or routers have internal matching resistors of 50 Q. However, the input impedance of amplifiers or of the pulse shaping network used in CFDs is often far from being ideally resistive. Moreover, PMTs and photodiodes are current sources. Matching at the detector side is avoided because it would decrease the signal amplitude. The resulting reflections at the input cables of a TCSPC device can normally be tolerated, especially if some precaution is taken in adjusting the CFD thresholds. 

The transit time for the commonly used 50 cables (RG58, 4.9 mm diameter and RG174, 2.9 mm diameter) is about 5 ns per meter. 

In practice the resistance of the inner and outer conductor and the dielectric loss of the insulator cause some loss at high frequency. The corresponding distortion of a pulse edge for the commonly used RG58 (4.9 mm thick) and RG174 (2.9 mm thick) cables is shown in Fig. 7.48. 

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Nylon A class of synthetic fibres and plastics, polyamides. Manufactured by condensation polymerization of ct, oj-aminomonocarboxylic acids or of aliphatic diamines with aliphatic dicarboxylic acids. Also rormed specifically, e.g. from caprolactam. The different Nylons are identified by reference to the carbon numbers of the diacid and diamine (e.g. Nylon 66 is from hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid). Thermoplastic materials with high m.p., insolubility, toughness, impact resistance, low friction. Used in monofilaments, textiles, cables, insulation and in packing materials. U.S. production 1983 11 megatonnes. 

Electrical insulation with oxidized bitumen electrical cabling, condensers, batteries. 

Figure 5.37 depicts the basic set up of a wireline logging operation. A sonde is lowered downhole after the drill string has been removed. The sonde is connected via an insulated and reinforced electrical cable to a winch unit at the surface. At a speed of about 600m per hour the cable Is spooled upward and the sonde continuously records formation properties like natural gamma ray radiation, formation resistivity or formation density. The measured data is sent through the cable and is recorded and processed in a sophisticated logging unita the surface. Offshore, this unit will be located in a cabin, while on land it is truck mounted. In either situation data can be transmitted in real time via satellite to company headquarters if required. 

H = Hydraulic Hoses P = Power Cables S = Signal Cables... 

The paper discusses the application of dynamic indentation method and apparatus for the evaluation of viscoelastic properties of polymeric materials. The three-element model of viscoelastic material has been used to calculate the rigidity and the viscosity. Using a measurements of the indentation as a function of a current velocity change on impact with the material under test, the contact force and the displacement diagrams as a function of time are plotted. Experimental results of the testing of polyvinyl chloride cable coating by dynamic indentation method and data of the static tensile test are presented. 

Specimens used in tests were sections of cables with PVC outer coating. PVC was plasticized with DOF softener. The materials considered were exposed to the radiation and thermal aging. The samples have been irradiated at room temperature by hard gamma rays with 10 rad/sec dose power. A number of samples had been heated for long different times at 90°C. Besides a special specimens were cut out from outer coating for test on tensile machine like "Instron". The total doses of irradiation, times of heating and elongations at break obtained with "Instron" are listed in Table 1. 

Exciting developments based on electromagnetic induction raced along from that time, giving us the sophisticated products our everyday lives depend on. During most of the period productive uses for eddy current technology were few and few people believed in it as a usefiil tool eddy currents caused power loss in electrical circuits and, due to the skin effect, currents flowed only in the outer surfaces of conductors when the user had paid for all the copper in the cable. The speedometer and the familiar household power meter are examples of everyday uses that we may tend to forget about. The brakes on some models of exercise bicycle are based on the same principle. 

I/O. All the I/O (apart from EC probes) are cormected on this board. It is then easier to manage EMC problems, and to make the cabling. As the I/O board is very simple, it is easy to customise it for users who want specific IP modules. 

Fligh-tech ceramics withstand great mechanical stresses even thin structures and sharp edges are feasible with high reliability. This allows connecting the HT cables reliably to the ceramic part of the tubes directly. Many available resin systems bond easily to ceramics. 

The metal vacuum envelope is grounded and can be made quite thick. Even radiation-tight designs are feasible. The tube ean be shipped ready-to-use with a bonded cable. 

The bonding of the HT cable to the tube reduces production costs and tube length. 

RCT are designed to successfully solve a whole number of tasks in nuclear power when testing fuel elements, in aviation and space industry when testing construction materials, nozzles and engine units, turbine blades and parts, in electromechanical industry-cables switching elements, electric motors in defense sphere- charges, equipment in prospecting for research of rock distribution and detection of precious stones in samples. 

The changes described above also allowed much easier access to the high voltage cable for routine (6-month) owner directed, service operations, and provided better upper and lower x-ray cabinet and control cabinet ventilation. With the exception of the x-ray tubes, all the individual manufactured components, on all four systems are identical. There are very subtle differences in the warm-up/start-up sequence on the x-ray controllers on the newer systems due to model/year and x-ray tube differences. The last three systems were supplied with environmental type key-boards for the image processors and base-mounted , rather than conduit-mounted exterior warning indicators. The first system was subsequently upgraded to include the better keyboard and the external warning appliances/features. 

Operated broadband amplifier 1, has uniform (not worse than 1 dB) frequency feature within the range of 1 to 50 MHz and the range of reinforcement from 0 to 90 dB. The input cascade has an impedance switch that enables to matching of sensors of different types and to avoid signals and distortions caused by the cable. 

Setting up the test system, including the cable connections of the components... 

Small size, ruggedness, simple cabling and the ability to operate the equipment under adverse conditions in the field has also been design goals. The system should also conform with the regulations necessary for the CE-marking (i. e. standards and directives for EMC, Electrical Safety and Machine Safety). 

The ethemet connection is combined with the power supply to the PSP-4 and the connected scanner into a single standard cable, that can be used for distances up to 100 m. By using special cables, the distance between the PSP-4 and the eontrol unit can be extended to practieally any distance. 

To meet the demand for flexibility the basic electronic components of the scanner system are build as individual modules (Master, Link, Driver and Motor Modules) containing control-and communication electronics. The modules connect through external cables. 

Up to 20 modules can be connected to the network without the need for extra cable between the base station and the scanner is needed. 

In addition to the controlling computer the system contains only a small control unit - PSP-4 (weight approx. 5 kg.) which among other system components includes a motor control system integrated closely with the PS-4 ultrasonic system. For communication between the PSP-4 control unit and the robot as well as robot power supply is used a single cable less than 10 mm. in diameter. 

The most challenging of these applications has been the location and characterisation of anomalies in thick concrete structures using seismic methods and the detection of reinforcing steel and pre-stressing cables in congested structures using radar. 

Radiography provides the only means of reliably detecting voids in pre-stressed cable ducts or of detecting loss of section or fracture of eables inside the duets. The maximum thiekness of eonerete whieh ean be radiographed for confident loeation of voids inside ducts is of course dependant on a number of variables, e g. amount of reinforcing bars, size of void in duet etc... 

Cable J R and Albrecht A C 1986 The inverse transform in resonance Raman scattering Conf. sponsored by the University of Oregon ed W L Peticolas and B Hudson... 

Cable J R and Albrecht A C 1986 A direct inverse transform for resonance Raman scattering J. Chem. Phys. 84 4745-54... 

Waveguides are coimnonly used to transmit microwaves from the source to the resonator and subsequently to the receiver. For not-too-high-frequency radiation (<10 GHz) low-loss MW transmission can also be achieved usmg strip-lines and coaxial cables. At the output of a klystron an isolator is often used to prevent back-reflected microwaves to perturb the on-resonant klystron mode. An isolator is a microwave-ferrite device that pemiits the transmission of microwaves in one direction and strongly attenuates their propagation in the other direction. The prmciple of this device involves the Faraday effect, that is, the rotation of the polarization... 

Raab E, Prentiss M, Cable A, Chu S and Pritchard D E 1987 Trapping of neutral sodium atoms with radiation pressure Phys.Rev.Lett. 59 2631-4... 

Cable A, Prentiss M and Bigelow N P 1990 Observation of sodium atoms in a magnetio molasses trap loaded by a oontinuous unoooled souroe Opt. Lett. 15 507-9... 

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