Strong attenuation

In this case, as follows from Equation (3.106) both roots are negative and the function. s(t) is a sum of two exponents  

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With a standard image intensifier, characterized by a gain of more than x10,000, the quantum well effect is clearly avoided. Nevertheless this very high gain reduces the image dynamics unless strong attenuation is introduced at the tube output (iris or neutral filter). Also a standard intensifier is bulky, affected by pincushion distortion and magnetic fields which can be a serious limitation in some applications. 

Waveguides are coimnonly used to transmit microwaves from the source to the resonator and subsequently to the receiver. For not-too-high-frequency radiation (<10 GHz) low-loss MW transmission can also be achieved usmg strip-lines and coaxial cables. At the output of a klystron an isolator is often used to prevent back-reflected microwaves to perturb the on-resonant klystron mode. An isolator is a microwave-ferrite device that pemiits the transmission of microwaves in one direction and strongly attenuates their propagation in the other direction. The prmciple of this device involves the Faraday effect, that is, the rotation of the polarization... 

Figure 2b and Eq. (10) show that the Wiener inverse-filter is close to the direct inverse-hlter for frequencies of high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), but is strongly attenuated where the SNR is poor ... 

As follows from Equation (3.169), if the frequency of free vibrations obeys the condition coo< very small s(t) oc l/oP. Taking into account this fact, it is possible to greatly reduce the influence of waves. Besides, a relatively strong attenuation allows one to decrease an effect of free vibrations caused by this force. 

This result demonstrates that the self-spreading dynamics are controllable by tuning the bilayer-substrate interactions. The above-mentioned electrolyte dependence is an example of this fact. Considering that there are many parameters that alter the bilayer-substrate interaction, a diverse approach can be proposed. For example, Nissen et al. investigated the spreading dynamics on the substrate coated with polymetic materials [48]. They found that insertion of a hydrophilic and inert polymer layer under the self-spreading lipid bilayer strongly attenuated the bilayer-substrate interaction. 

Up to now the main drawback in the use of H2 is its poor selectivity with a strong attenuation of the conversion of NO with an increase in temperature as illustrated in Table 10.4. In addition, N20 is the main N-containing product at the maximum NO conversion [104]. 

In photochemical reactions, the role of DBPO will undoubtedly be that of an electron acceptor from an excited state species, as shown in reaction (51). Thus, inverted spin trapping will be feasible and an unambiguous interpretation of the appearance of PhCOO—ST will be difficult. In HFP the very strongly attenuated reactivity of benzoate ion should, however, make the homolysis mechanism predominate, as indicated by the appearance of both PhCOO—ST and Ph-ST (ST = PBN or DMPO) in the photolysis of DBPO and ST (Eberson et al., 1996a). 

Low-valent, 18-electron (Fischer-type) carbene complexes with strong n-acceptors usually are electrophilic at the carbene carbon atom (C ). These complexes can undergo reactions similar to those of free carbenes, e.g. cyclopropanation or C-H insertion reactions. The carbene-like character of these complexes becomes more pronounced when electron-accepting groups are directly bound to C (Chapter 4), whereas electron-donating groups strongly attenuate the reactivity (Chapter 2). 

Jurd R et al General anesthetic actions in vivo strongly attenuated by a point mutation in the GABAa receptor beta3 subunit. FASEB J 2003 17 250. [PMID 12475885]... 

Figure 18. Transient Na3+ signal for strongly attenuated 80-fs pump-probe laser pulses of 620 nm. The frequencies observed in the Fourier transform are due to vibrational wavepacket motion on the B state potential.

As the W signal is strongly attenuated on the surface due to contamination, the first two spectra before sputtering were eliminated... 

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