Standards cables

Requirements such as supply voltage, signal type/levels, mounting, type of housing, cabling standards, and labeling... 

The use of serial communication links guarantees interference-free performance and reduces cabling. Standardization of the object-oriented circuits minimizes maintenance and the necessary stock of spare parts. The arrangement will also tend to improve availability, since components can be replaced quickly and simply. 

Types Specific Cable Designs Fiber Optic Cable Standards and Specifications Optical Fiber Connectivity Chapter Summary... 

Following are some of the key telecommunications industry fiber optic cable standards employed today for the various fiber optic cable types. For the sake of brevity, the standards are identified only by document number, the publishing organization, and the respective cable types or applications. Users of industry standards should purchase these from a reliable source to ensure they have the latest applicable version. 

As with optical fiber, various industry cable standards specify common performance attributes and each attribute has an associated test procedure, not listed here. Refer to the individual cable standards listed in Table 9.8 for detailed information on test methods and acceptance criteria. 

Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard, ANS1/TIA/E1A-568-B, Telecommunication Industry Association, 2001. 

FIGURE 9.84 Commercial building telecommunications cabling standard (TIA/EIA 568A). Redundancy and Zero Downtime... 

Physical Star Implementation TIA/EIA-568A Cabling Standard... 

Session 13 — Wiring Methods Cable Standards lEC. http //www.sourceiec.com/ Catalogs/Chapter%2013%20EX%20Wiring%20Methods.pdf. 

In Figure 2.3(c), a barrier melting/mixing screw was used and shows a mixture of striations and agglomerates. (Note that carbon black agglomerates are allowed by pipe and cable standards providing their number and size are within specified limits). 

Optical microscopy has sufficient magnification to measure the width of thin masterbatch striations, agglomerate sizes described in pipe and cable standards etc. It also has an advantage in that comparatively large areas can be viewed as illustrated in the pipe samples in Chapter 1, Although these particular pictures required considerable experience and care, the same general techniques were learned and applied by a number of University students on industrial placements at Rapra who were involved in much of the practical extrusion work on mixing described in Chapters 2, 3, 7, 8 and 9. For these reasons, the techniques used (which were developed by Ivan James) have been included as an Appendix at the end of the book. 

There has been a drawn-out discussion in the automotive industry about whether to make STP cable or coaxial cable standard. Currently, both shielded and unshielded twisted-pair cables as well as coaxial cables are in use. The latest chipsets, however, show a trend towards normal coaxial cable [2, 3]. 

Small size, ruggedness, simple cabling and the ability to operate the equipment under adverse conditions in the field has also been design goals. The system should also conform with the regulations necessary for the CE-marking (i. e. standards and directives for EMC, Electrical Safety and Machine Safety). 

The ethemet connection is combined with the power supply to the PSP-4 and the connected scanner into a single standard cable, that can be used for distances up to 100 m. By using special cables, the distance between the PSP-4 and the eontrol unit can be extended to practieally any distance. 

Each segment of the insulated wire and cable industry has its own set of standards, and cables are built to conform to specifications provided by a large variety of technical associations such as The Institute of Electrical Electronic Engineers (IEEE), The Insulated Cable Engineers Association, (ICEA), National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Rural Electrification Administration of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (REA), Association of Edison Illumination Companies (AEIC), MiUtary Specifications of the Department of Defense (MIL), American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), National Electrical Code (NEC), etc. 

Each segment of the insulated wire and cable industry has its own set of standards, some of which are quite compHcated because of requirements imposed by specific appHcations and/or environments. The most complex specifications are typically imposed on power cables and telecommunication wires. 

Making use of the information from monitoring probes, combined with the storage and analysis capabilities of portable computers and microprocessors, seems the best method for understanding corrosion processes. Commercial setups can be assembled from standard probes, cables, readout devices, and storage systems. When these are coupled with analysis by corrosion engineers, the system can lead to better a understanding of in-plant corrosion processes. 

In some cases, where the nearest rating of the fuse itself is too high for the rated current, a larger cable is recommended. The thermal (/ - t) characteristics of all such components will vary from one manufacturer to another and may not be readily available with a design or a field engineer, while making the selection. The manufacturers of such components therefore as standard practice, perform this coordination for their products and make such data readily available for the user lo make a quick selection. It may be noted that OCR and fuses at least, of different brands, will require a new coordination. 

To the basic current requirement is applied the derating faetors for various service conditions, as noted in Section 1.5.4.2. The equipment, devices and components may then be cbosen to be as close (nearest higher) to this rating as possible from the available standard ratings. Based on these ratings, the minimum cross-sectional areas of the other current-carrying parts used in the circuit, such as interconnecting links and the cables-are calculated. 

Standard for control cables Power switching equipment Panel boards... 

The standard parameters of installation on which the ratings of the cables are based as in the previous tables, are noted in Table A16.16. 

The influence of skin effects in a multi-core cable is almost the same as that of a multiphase busbar system, discussed in Sections 28.7 and 28.8. However, unlike a busbar system, the resistance and inductive reactance for various sizes of cables can be easily measured and are provided by leading manufacturers as standard practice in their technical data sheets. To this extent, making an assessment of skin effects in cables is easy compared to a busbar system. Since all the phases in a cable, of a 3-core or 3 72-core are in a regularly twisted formation throughout the length of the cable, they represent the case of an ideal phase transposition (Section 28.8.4(3)) and almost nullify the effect of proximity. 

In case of static drives also generating simihir switching surges, their manufacturers provide the safe cable lengths as a standard practice. Section 6.14.1. 

The factors discussed in Section 23.5.2 give rise directly to the current drawn by the capacitor unit and indirectly add to its rating. The relevant Standards on this device recommend a continuous overload capacity of 30% to account for all such factors. A capacitor can have a tolerance of up to -t-15% in its capacitance value (Section 26.3.1(1)). All current-carrying components such as breakers, contactors, switches, fuses, cables and busbar systems associated with a capacitor unit or its banks, must therefore be rated for at least 1.3 x 1.15/,., i.e. 1.54. For circuits where higher amplitudes of harmonics are envisaged, for reasons of frequent load variations or more... 

All cable references contained in this text are based upon cable specifications in Germany as required by DIN (Deutsche Industrie Normen). We are aware that these specifications may or may not be applicable to the reader s specific requirements, and we therefore recommend the reader consult local standards and codes to ensure compliance with the necessary local codes. Some of the cables are defined in a list of American and European electrical cable sizes located in the front of this book. 

In order to be able to recognize the type and function of the test point even without an inscription, it is recommended that the design of the test point conform to factory standards. Aboveground test points are usually installed in marker posts with a closable flap. The measuring cable is attached to a plastic plate with terminals (see Fig. 10-7). 

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