And small size

Fluorine is the most electronegative element and thus can oxidize many other elements to their highest oxidation state. The small size of the fluorine atom facihtates the arrangement of a large number of fluorines around an atom of another element. These properties of high oxidation potential and small size allow the formation of many simple and complex fluorides in which the other elements are at their highest oxidation states. 

The electron-deficient character of boron also affects its aHotropic forms. The high ionization energies and small size prevent boron from adopting... 

Much of the chemistry of oxygen can be rationalized in terms of its electronic structure (2s 2p ), high electronegativity (3.5) and small size. Thus, oxygen shows many similarities to nitrogen (p. 412) in its covalent chemistry, and its propensity to form H bonds (p. 52) and p double bonds (p. 416), though the anionic chemistry of 0 and OH is much more extensive than for the isoelectronic ions N , and NH2. Simi-... 

Fluorine has a number of peculiarities that stem from its high electronegativity, small size, and lack of available d-orbitals. It is the most electronegative element of all and has an oxidation number of — 1 in all its compounds. Its high electronegativity and small size allow it to oxidize other elements to their highest oxidation numbers. The small size helps in this, because it allows several F atoms to pack around a central atom, as in IF7. 

The approximately round shape and small size of the suspension beads is useful for some applications such as expandable polystyrene or as an intermediate for further compounding with pigments, other polystyrene beads, etc. Being round, however, they tend to roll, not only causing a safety hazard when spilled on floors but more importantly causing difficulties in some fabricating extruders and molding machines. Except for expandable polystyrene, beads are seldom sold as such but are extruded into pellets. 

The random laser is a simple optical system in which the strong optical scattering in the random medium forms an optical recurrent path. Recent reports on random lasers have described the emission of laser light by metal-oxide polycrystalline and micrometer-sized particles [46]. Because of its structural simplicity and small size, the single random laser is a promising miniature light source for optical devices, such as waveguides and optical switches. 

Fe(III) is the ion of high charge and small size of importance in biological systems. Its covalence appears to be similar to that of Ga(III) (17). 

Mango puree was produced on a laboratory scale, mimicking typical operations in continuous and small-size batches, applying pasteurization between 85°C and 93°C up to 16 min (Vasquez-Caicedo et al. 2007). Although significant trans- to cis- isomerization of p-carotenc occurred, especially by the formation of 13-m-P-carotene, provitamin A (trans- + m-p-carotene) losses... 

As a result of this reaction, part of the charge on the aluminum ion is relieved by the loss of H+ from one of the water molecules. The pH of a 0.10 M solution of A1C13 is 2.93, so this type of hydrolysis leads to solutions that are quite acidic. Other metal ions having large charge and small size (Fe3+ (K = 4.0 X 10-3), Be2+, Cr3+ (K = 1.4 X 10 4), etc.) behave in this manner and give solutions that are acidic. 

H2O becanse of large EN difference between atoms and small size of O... 

Ambient air samples are collected on adsorbents such as Tenax (Wallace 1987), or multisorbent (Heavner et al. 1992 Oliver et al. 1996), or in passivated canisters (EPA 1988a). Tenax traps are thermally desorbed, concentrated cryogenically, and analyzed by capillary GC/MS (Wallace et al. 1987). Recovery is good (81-110%), precision for side-by-side samples is acceptable (9-45% RSD), and the detection limit is 1 g/m (Wallace 1987). Multisorbent traps may be solvent desorbed and analyzed by capillary GC/MS. Recovery and precision are good and detection limits as low as 0.019 ppb have been reported (Oliver et al. 1996). Collection of air samples in passivated stainless steel canisters is also widely utilized (EPA 1988a), but performance data are unavailable. Passive sampling devices are also widely used, due in part to their ease of use and small size (Lewis et al. 1985). 

B-AP pyrolants made with CTPB are cured with epoxy resin as in the case of conventional AP-CTPB composite propellants. The mixture ratio of large-sized AP particles (200 pm in diameter) and small-sized particles (20 pm in diameter) is 0.30/ 0.70. The mass fraction of boron is variously 0.010, 0.050, 0.075, or 0.150, and the diameter of the boron particles, d, is either 0.5 pm, 2.7 pm, or 9 pm. 

PVA is produced by the hydrolysis of PVAc (Equation 6.44). Because of the ability to hydrogen bond and small size of the hydroxyl grouping, PVA is a crystalline atactic material. 

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