Waste, hazardous

The term hazardous waste indicates, by its definition, that it is no longer a useful product. It also places it in the class of hazardous chemicals. In the past, these types of chemicals were dumped down drains, scattered on the soil, or buried. Because of 

FIG U RE 23.7 Workers must be fully protected when dealing with hazardous waste. 

A special U.S. Department of Transportation Hazardous Waste Manifest is needed to transport these hazardous chanicals across the nation s highways. Drivers of such vehicles must possess a Commercial Drivers License (CDL) and be trained in the safe transport of hazardous waste. 

Once the hazardous waste arrives at a disposal facility, it may be stored, buried, or incinerated. How it will be disposed of depends on the degree of hazard presented by the waste. Hazardous materials such as polychlorinate biphenyls (PCBs) are usually incinerated. The PCBs must be destroyed to a level of six 9s or 99.9999 percent burned to ensure that little or no toxic residue survives. Other materials such as asbestos, which is a regulated waste, can be buried because it is very unlikely due to it stability to get into groundwater and spread. 

The United States is a chanical-using country, and much has been done to ntini-mize the amount of chanicals being used. However, it is not feasible to do away with all the chemicals that are needed in our industrial environment. Thus, it is necessary to ensure that proper procedures are in place to handle hazardous waste and prevent further contantination, illnesses of the public and workers due to exposure. 

1 Has facility waste(s) been either tested for hazardous waste determination or designated as hazardous or nonhazardous based on knowledge  

3 If hazardous waste is generated, is facility registered as generator  

6 Does facility have designated hazardous waste storage area(s)  

7 If yes to 1.6, is aiea(s) posted with a sign Danger Hazardous Waste Area— Unauthorized Personnel Keep Out  

8 Are records ofweekly inspection of hazardous waste storage areas and physical conditions of tanks and containers on file  

---

Freeman, H. M., Standard Handbook of Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1989. 

DILLON Materials Selection for the Chemical Process Industries freeman Hazardous Waste Minimization... 

FREEMAN Standard Handbook of Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal... 

LEVIN, GEALT Biotreatment of Industrial Hazardous Waste... 

The EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) has responsibility for managing the analysis programs required under the U.S. Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). The approved analytical methods are designed to analyze water, soil, and sediment from potentially hazardous waste sites to determine the presence or absence of certain environmentally harmful organic compounds. The methods described here all require the use of GC/MS. 

Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER)... 

---