Reactivity hazardous industrial waste

The benefits of replacing chlorine with STABREX are in reducing environmental toxicity (because it is less toxic to aquatic wildlife), in reducing accident risk (because it is less hazardous and easier to handle), and in reducing chemical waste (because it works better, is more stable in transport/storage, is less volatile and less reactive). Environmental toxicity and accident risk have been substantially reduced in more than 2,500 industrial water systems worldwide. 

Handy RW, Pellizzari ED, Poppiti JA. 1986. A method for determining the reactivity of hazardous wastes that generate toxic gases. Hazardous and Industrial Solid Waste Testing Fourth Symposium, ASTMSTP 886 106-120. 

Federal and State laws define waste as hazardous if it is ignitable, corrosive, reactive, or toxic. Other wastes are listed by name. These may differ from lists of hazardous materials, which are regulated by OSHA and Right-to-Know. The Standard Industrial Classifications (SICs) of a physician s medical office and a dentist s office are 8011 and 8021, respectively. 

It was once an important industrial chemical used directly as an agricultural fumigant and as an intermediate in the manufacture of insecticides. Hexachlorocyclopentadiene and still bottoms from its manufacture are found in hazardous waste chemical sites, and large quantities were disposed at the Love Canal site. The pure compound is a light yellow liquid (fp, 11°C bp, 239°C) with a density of 1.7 g/cm3 and a pungent, somewhat musty odor. With two double bonds, it is a very reactive compound and readily undergoes substitution and addition reactions. Its photolytic degradation yields water-soluble products. 

Wastes defined as hazardous under RCRA include characteristic and listed wastes. An RCRA-defined hazardous waste is a waste that appears on one of four lists (F list, K list, U list, or P list) or exhibits at least one of four characteristics (ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity). Criteria for identifying characteristic hazardous wastes are included in Title 40, CFR part 261, subpart C. Listed wastes from industrial sources are itemized in 40 CFR part 261, subpart D. Other regulations that are relevant to the technology include the requirement to characterize the waste for a hazardous waste generator (40 CFR part 262.11), the requirement to determine if the hazardous waste is restricted from land disposal [40 CFR 268.7(a)], requirements for on-site storage of waste for up to 90 days [40 CFR 262.34(a)], or 40 CFR 264.553 for storage of waste in a temporary unit for up to 1 year prior to disposal. 

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