Hazardous wastes remediation management

The technical differences between site problems at RCRA facilities and CERCLA sites sometimes may be difficult to distinguish, owing to similarities in present or past uses of the site, in hydrogeologic setting, and/or in the types of substances disposed, spilled, or otherwise managed at the site. Consequently, many technical aspects of the study and remediation of releases of hazardous wastes and constituents from RCRA facilities often will closely parallel those at Superfund sites, and cleanups under both statutes must achieve similar goals for protection of public health and the environment. Additionally, activities which would be termed removal actions or expedited response actions under CERCLA may be undertaken by owners and operators under RCRA. In the RCRA context, such actions are termed interim measures, as will be discussed in subsequent chapters. 

Hatch, J. and E. Hayes. "State-of-the-Art Remedial Action Technologies Used for the Sydney Mine Waste Disposal Site Cleanups," In Management of Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Sites Proceedings, Washington, D.C., 1985, pp. 285. 

Soil contamination was not perceived as a problem until the 1970s, when incidents in the U.S. and Europe (Love Canal, NY Times Beach, MO Lekkerkerk, the Netherlands) awakened public awareness about the serious threats posed to human health and the environment by abandoned or improperly managed hazardous wastes. In response to the growing public concern, the U.S., the Netherlands, and a number of other European countries started a systematic effort beginning in 1980 to identify potentially contaminated sites, assess the level of contamination, establish priorities for remediation based on risk assessment studies and gradually implement the required remedial actions. 

Hoogendoorn, D., Review of the Development of Remedial Action Techniques for Soil Contamination in the Netherlands, 5th National Conference on Management of Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Sites, Washington, DC, 1984, pp. 569-575. 

A successful modem hazardous industrial waste treatment program for a particular industry will include not only traditional water pollution control but also air pollution control, noise control, soil conservation, site remediation, radiation protection, groundwater protection, hazardous waste management, solid waste disposal, and combined industrial-municipal waste treatment and management. In fact, it should be a holistic environmental control program. Another intention of this handbook series is to provide technical and economical information on the development of the most feasible total environmental control program that can benefit both industry and local municipalities. Frequently, the most economically feasible methodology is a combined industrial-municipal waste treatment. 

MyersVB. 1983. Remedial activities at the Miami Drum site, Florida. National Conference of Management of Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Sites 354-357. 

Myers VB. 1983. Remedial activities at the Miami Drum site, Florida. In National conference on management of uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. Silver Springs, MD Hazardous Materials Control Research Institute, 354-357. Nachtman JP, Couri D. 1984. An electrophysiological study of 2-hexanone and 2,5-hexanedione neurotoxicity in rats. Toxicol Lett 23 141-145. 

Nelson, M., Mills, D. Downs, L. (1994). Application of cometabolism for remediation of chloroethenes at industrial sites. In Emerging Technologies in Hazardous Waste Management VI, ed. D. W. Tedder, pp. 849-51. Atlanta, GA American Chemical Society. 

Regulatory Approach to Site Remediation. Most environmental cleanup standards are derived from the provisions of CERCLA, section 121 "Cleanup Standards" or RCRA, Subtitle C entitled "Hazardous Waste Management." The implementing regulations are... 

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