Ignitability hazardous industrial waste

Ignitability refers to wastes that can readily catch fire and sustain combustion. Many paints, cleaners, and other industrial wastes pose such a hazard. 

Petrochemical recovered oil. Organic chemical manufacturing facilities sometimes recover oil from their organic chemical industry operations. U.S. EPA excluded petrochemical recovered oil from the definition of solid waste when the facility inserts the material into the petroleum-refining process of an associated or adjacent petroleum refinery. Only petrochemical recovered oil that is hazardous because it exhibits the characteristic of ignitability or exhibits the toxicity characteristic for benzene (or both) is eligible for the exclusion. 

Federal and State laws define waste as hazardous if it is ignitable, corrosive, reactive, or toxic. Other wastes are listed by name. These may differ from lists of hazardous materials, which are regulated by OSHA and Right-to-Know. The Standard Industrial Classifications (SICs) of a physician s medical office and a dentist s office are 8011 and 8021, respectively. 

Where this value is known it is an excellent measure of the relative hazard of a flammable liquid. Unfortunately, it is available in only a few instances Susceptibility to Spontaneous Heating. Many materials combine with atmospheric oxygen at ordinary temperatures and liberate heat. If the heat is evolved faster than it is dissipated due to poor housekeeping, a fire can start, particularly in the presence of easily ignited waste, etc. [ Factory Mutual Modified Mackey Method, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (March 1927)] Explosive Range or Flammability Limits. 

Wastes defined as hazardous under RCRA include characteristic and listed wastes. An RCRA-defined hazardous waste is a waste that appears on one of four lists (F list, K list, U list, or P list) or exhibits at least one of four characteristics (ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity). Criteria for identifying characteristic hazardous wastes are included in Title 40, CFR part 261, subpart C. Listed wastes from industrial sources are itemized in 40 CFR part 261, subpart D. Other regulations that are relevant to the technology include the requirement to characterize the waste for a hazardous waste generator (40 CFR part 262.11), the requirement to determine if the hazardous waste is restricted from land disposal [40 CFR 268.7(a)], requirements for on-site storage of waste for up to 90 days [40 CFR 262.34(a)], or 40 CFR 264.553 for storage of waste in a temporary unit for up to 1 year prior to disposal. 

Safety issues are particularly important for CVD since many of the source compounds are toxic and disposal of waste products, e.g., HCl, is often problematic. Additional problems can occur if the reactants are pyrophoric (ignite in contact with air). Table 28.4 lists some of the source gases used in CVD and their potential hazards. Silane is widely used in the semiconductor industry and was the cause of a major explosion and fire at a manufacturing plant in Moses Lake, WA. The incident caused a number... 

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