Hazardous Waste Management Association

Finding 4. The closure plan is incomplete in that it does not sufficiently address contingencies such as control of spills, dust, or special materials such as asbestos, nor does it specify countermeasures for mitigation of these potential situations. Moreover, the hazardous waste management units (HWMUs) at JACADS and the Red Hat Storage Area differ in the chemicals to be analyzed, their management and associated... 

Birkholz, D., Belton, K. and Guidotti, T. (2003) Toxicological evaluation for the hazard assessment of tire cmmb for use in public playgrounds, Journal of Air Waste Management Association 53, 903-907. Costan, G., Bermingham, N., Blaise, C. and Ferard, J.F. (1993) Potential ecotoxic effects probe (PEEP) a novel index to assess and compare the toxic potential of industrial effluents, Environmental Toxicology and Water Quality 8, 115-140. 

Birkholz, D., Belton, K. and Guidotti, T. (2003) Toxicological evaluation for the hazard assessment of tire crumb for use in public playgrounds, Journal of the Air Waste Management Association 53, 903-907. 

Journal of Hazardous Materials (Elsevier Science) Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association (AWMA)... 

Crocker, B.B. Capture of hazardous emissions. In Control of Specific Toxic Pollutants, Proceedings of the Conference, Air Pollution Control Association, Gainesville, FL, Feb 1979 Air and Waste Management Association Pittsburgh, PA, 1979 414-433. 

Fare TL etal 1993 Portable biosensors for pesticides and toxic organics Proc. 3rd Int. USEPA/A WMA Symp. on Field Screening for Hazardous Wastes and Toxic Chemicals VIP33 (Pittsburgh, PA Air and Waste Management Association) pp 721-31... 

Hazardous Waste Task Force. 1987. Hazardous Waste Management at Educational Institutions. Washington, D.C. National Association of College and University Business Officers. 

Sometimes it is impossible to eliminate hazardous waste completely. However, the high costs associated with hazardous waste management and disposal provide incentives to produce as little as possible. There are several possible approaches. Some reduction strategies prevent hazardous waste generalion. Some apply to the waste produced. 

Field Screening Methods Catalog. Washington, DC U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1988. TJ Kuehn, DA Bell. Field screening Methods for Hazardous Waste and Chemicals. Pittsburgh, PA Air and Waste Management Association, Vols 1 and 2, 1993. 

Ray, Chittaranjan, Ravi K. Jain, Bernard A. Donahue, and E. Dean Smith, Hazardous Waste Minimization Through Life Cycle Cost Analysis at Federal Faeilities, Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, 49, 17-27 (1999). 

Because many of the techniques, especially those associated with the recovery of materials and energy and the processing of solid hazardous wastes, are in a state of flux with respect to application and design criteria, the objective here is only to introduce them to the reader. If these techniques are to be considered in the development of waste-management systems, current engineering design and performance data must be obtained from consultants, operating records, field tests, equipment manufacturers, and available literature. 

The management or disposal of metals and ash, other by-products of the combustion process, also causes concern. Ash is an inert solid material composed primarily of carbon, salts, and metals. During combustion, most ash collects at the bottom of the combustion chamber (bottom ash). When this ash is removed from the combustion chamber, it may be considered hazardous waste via the derived-from rule or because it exhibits a characteristic. Small particles of ash (particulate matter that may also have metals attached), however, may be carried up the stack with the gases (fly ash). These particles and associated metals are also regulated by the combustion regulations, as they may carry hazardous constituents out of the unit and into the atmosphere. Since combustion will not destroy inorganic compounds present in hazardous waste, such as metals, it is possible that such... 

The significance of the exposure levels shown in the tables and figures may differ depending on the user s perspective. For example, physicians concerned with the interpretation of clinical findings in exposed persons may be interested in levels of exposure associated with "serious" effects. Public health officials and project managers concerned with appropriate actions to take at hazardous waste sites may want information on levels of exposure associated with more subtle effects in humans or animals (LOAEL) or exposure levels below which no adverse effects (NOAEL) have been observed. Estimates... 

---