Hazardous industrial waste listed

The F list. The F list designates as hazardous particular wastes from certain common industrial or manufacturing processes. Because the processes producing these wastes... 

The K list. The K list designates as hazardous particular wastestreams from certain specific industries. K-list wastes are known as wastes from specific sources. 

The K list of hazardous wastes designates particular wastes from specific sectors of industry and manufacturing as hazardous. The K list wastes are therefore known as wastes from specific sources. Like F list wastes, K list wastes are manufacturing process wastes. They contain chemicals that have been used for their intended purpose. To determine whether a waste qualifies as K-listed, two primary questions must be answered. First, is the facility that created the waste within one of the industrial or manufacturing categories on the K list Second, does the waste match one of the specific K list waste descriptions There are 13 industries that can generate K-list wastes1 2 3 ... 

On November 8, 2000, U.S. EPA listed as hazardous two wastes generated by the chlorinated aliphatics industry.18 The two wastes are wastewater treatment sludges from the production of ethylene dichloride or vinyl chloride monomer (EDC/VCM), and wastewater treatment sludges from the production of vinyl chloride monomer using mercuric chloride catalyst in an acetylene-based process. 

EPA has determined that 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine is a probable human carcinogen and has placed several limits on the chemical in the environment to protect human health. Under the Clean Water Act of 1977, EPA controls discharges of 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine to industrial waste waters. The agency has listed 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine as a hazardous waste and requires that any spill of one pound or more be reported to the National Response Center. 

All point source and nonpoint source wastewaters at an industrial site must be properly managed for source separation, waste minimization, volume reduction, collection, pretreatment, and/or complete end-of-pipe treatment [39,47]. When industrial waste is not disposed of properly, hazardous substances may contaminate a nearby surface water (river, lake, sea, or ocean) and/or groundwater. Any hazardous substance release, either intentionally or unintentionally, increases the risk of water supply contamination and human disease. Major waterborne contaminants and their health effects are listed below. 

The situation is more complex in the region of Asia and the Pacific. Water quality has many enemies there. First, sedimentation constitutes a major cause of pollution in Asian rivers, since sediment loads are four times the world average. Secondly, hazardous and toxic waste deteriorates the water quality. It is noteworthy that lead levels in Asia s surface water are about 20 times higher than those in OECD countries. Thirdly, eutrophication is faced due to the extensive use of fertilizers in the last 30 years. But the list of problems does not end here. Asian rivers contain three times as many bacteria from human waste as the world average. Finally, urbanization and the release of untreated sewage and industrial waste to the environment are expected to cause severe water pollution problems. 

Section 2.0 identifies metals listed by the California Code of Regulations as hazardous in industrial waste streams. Section 2.0 also discusses the waste reduction hierarchy and waste management methods examined in the report... 

Catalytic hydrotreatment is widely used in the petroleum Industry to remove sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen from crude oil fractions. However, its use to treat chlorocarbons has not been widely reported despite the widespread use of these compounds in industrial and military operations, and despite the negative environmental impact associated with most disposal options. Catalytic hydrotreatment has the potential to be a safe alternative for the treatment of chlorinated wastes and has advantages over oxidative destruction methods such as thermal incineration and catalytic oxidation. Some of these advantages include the ability to reuse the reaction products, and minimal production of harmful byproducts, such as CI2, COCI2, or fragments of parent chlorocarbons. 1,1,1- Trichloroethane was chosen for this research because it is widely used in industry as a solvent and is on the EPA Hazardous Air Pollutant list as a toxic air contaminant and ozone depleter. ... 

Under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), certain wastes containing designated TPH compounds and petroleum-related industrial wastes are listed as hazardous. However, RCRA excludes some TPH-related wastes from regulations (e.g., certain exploration, well development, and productions wastes). The RCRA-listed wastes are also controlled under the Comprehensive Environmental, Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) for accidental releases to the environment. 

Waste that is regulated as hazardous because of its chemical properties is defined by EPA in two ways (1) waste that has certain hazardous characteristics and (2) waste that is on certain lists of chemicals. The first category is based on properties of materials that should be familiar to every laboratory worker. The second category is based on lists, established by EPA and certain states, of certain chemicals common to industry. These lists generally include materials that are widely used and recognized as hazardous. Chemicals are placed on these RCRA lists primarily on the basis of their toxicity. (To determine if waste is hazardous or not, see Chapter 9, section 9.D.2.)... 

Within the Clinton River Area of Concern is the State of Michigan s highest ranked hazardous waste site on the National Priorities List of the U.S. Superfiind Program (i.e. Liquid Disposal, Inc. or LDI). LDI was a liquid industrial waste incinerator and hazardous waste storage site (Michigan DNR 1988). Studies have... 

The EPA national screening survey of hazardous waste treatment, storage, disposal, and recycling facilities yielded the data shown in Table 3.7. The compounds listed in Table 3.8 are refractory industrial waste compounds. 

In determining the degree of hazard of a waste, it is reo nized that a listed hazardous waste is generally of greater concern than a liquid or soUd industrial waste. These are in turn of greater concern than other solid wastes. Municipal and organic wastes are considered medium concern contaminants due to their putrescible nature (production of methane and other landfill gases). Household wastes may contain hazardous materials (e.g., batteries, medical wastes, paints, etc). 

U.S. EPA has studied and listed as hazardous hundreds of specific industrial wastestreams. These wastes are described or listed on four different lists that are found in the regulations (RCRA Part 261, Subpart D). These four lists are as follows2 ... 

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