Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...

Articles Figures Tables About

Flight times

Figure A3.9.3. Time-of-flight spectra for Ar scattered from Pt(l 11) at a surface temperature of 100 K [10], Points in the upper plot are actual experimental data. Curve tinough points is a fit to a model in which the bimodal distribution is composed of a sharp, fast moving (lienee short flight time), direct-inelastic (DI) component and a broad, slower moving, trapping-desorption (TD) component. These components are shown... Figure A3.9.3. Time-of-flight spectra for Ar scattered from Pt(l 11) at a surface temperature of 100 K [10], Points in the upper plot are actual experimental data. Curve tinough points is a fit to a model in which the bimodal distribution is composed of a sharp, fast moving (lienee short flight time), direct-inelastic (DI) component and a broad, slower moving, trapping-desorption (TD) component. These components are shown...
In the simplest fomi, reflects the time of flight of the ions from the ion source to the detector. This time is proportional to the square root of the mass, i.e., as the masses of the ions increase, they become closer together in flight time. This is a limiting parameter when considering the mass resolution of the TOP instrument. [Pg.1351]

The final velocity of these two ions will be the same, but their final flight times will differ by the above turnaround time, This results in a broadening of the TOF distributions for each ion mass, and is anotiier limiting factor when considering the mass (time) resolution of the instrument. [Pg.1353]

The different flight times are a measure of the mass per charge of the ions. [Pg.1424]

TOF-SARS and SARIS are capable of detecting all elements by either scattering, recoiling or both teclmiques. TOF peak identification is straightforward by converting equation (Bl.23.lt and equation (B 1.23.81 to the flight times of the scattered and recoiled particles as... [Pg.1812]

In Equation 26.3, d is fixed, E is held constant in the instrument, and e is a universal constant. Thus the flight time of an ion t is directly proportional to the square root of m/z (Equation 26.4). [Pg.190]

Generally, the attainable resolving power of a TOE instrument is limited, particularly at higher mass, for two major reasons one inherent in the technique, the other a practical problem. First, the flight times are proportional to the square root of m/z. The difference in the flight times (t and t ,+i) for two ions separated by unit mass is given by Equation 26.5. [Pg.190]

As m increases, At becomes progressively smaller (compare the difference between the square roots of 1 and 2 (= 0.4) with the difference between 100 and 101 (= 0.05). Thus, the difference in arrival times of ions arriving at the detector become increasingly smaller and more difficult to differentiate as mass increases. This inherent problem is a severe restriction even without the second difficulty, which is that not all ions of any one given m/z value reach the same velocity after acceleration nor are they all formed at exactly the same point in the ion source. Therefore, even for any one m/z value, ions at each m/z reach the detector over an interval of time instead of all at one time. Clearly, where separation of flight times is very short, as with TOF instruments, the spread for individual ion m/z values means there will be overlap in arrival times between ions of closely similar m/z values. This effect (Figure 26.2) decreases available (theoretical) resolution, but it can be ameliorated by modifying the instrument to include a reflectron. [Pg.191]

The TOP analyzer provides the full mass spectrum of all the ions in the main ion beam at the time the pulse of electric potential was applied, m/z values being derived from the flight times of the ions along the TOP analyzer. [Pg.403]

In effect, the ions race each other along the drift tube, but the winners are always the ions of smallest m/z value, since these have the shortest flight times. The last to arrive at the detector are always those of greatest mass, which have the longest flight times. However, as in a race, for there to be a separation at the finish line (the detector), the ions must all start from the ion source at the same time (no handicapping allowed ). [Pg.406]

Thus, it can be said that conventional magnetic sectors separate ions into individual m/z values by dispersion in space (spatially) and not according to their flight times. Contrarily, TOP analyzers separate ions of different m/z values according to their velocities (temporally) but not spatially. [Pg.407]

From the flight times, it is easy to deduce the m/z values for the ions and then to produce a mass spectrum. [Pg.410]

For example, if each bin represents 0.3 nsec and bin number 200 has been affected by an ion arrival, then the flight time must have been 200 x 0.3 = 60 nsec. Knowing the length of the drift tube, the ion drift velocity can be calculated, and from that calculation its m/z value can be deduced. [Pg.411]

Time-of-flight analyzer. A device that measures the flight time of ions with an equivalent kinetic energy over a fixed distance. [Pg.430]

Very high sensitivity is obtained because almost all the ions formed in the ion source are detected, and the mass range is almost limitless. TOF systems work best when pulsed ion sources are used, and the flight time of the ions is then given by... [Pg.542]

A flow trace technique in which Freon is injected into the constream, and flight time between two detection points is measured. [Pg.699]

The principle of least time can also be used to examine reflection. If we perform a similar experiment to that above except that we make one medium reflective at the boundary we will discover that the only paths for which the flight time of the photon is a minimum are those for which the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. [Pg.38]

In instrnments withont a reflectron (see Figure 3.7 above), both the precursor and prodnct ions reach the detector at the same time and are not separated. The reflectron, however, is an energy analyser and product ions with different energies, after passage through the reflectron, will have different flight times to the detector and may be separated and their m/z ratios determined. This is known as post-source decay (PSD) [11]. [Pg.64]

Fig. 38.4. Two-dimensional map of European cities derived from the flight time data of Table 38.4 using classical (metric) MDS. Fig. 38.4. Two-dimensional map of European cities derived from the flight time data of Table 38.4 using classical (metric) MDS.

See other pages where Flight times is mentioned: [Pg.812]    [Pg.1422]    [Pg.1423]    [Pg.1424]    [Pg.1424]    [Pg.2390]    [Pg.158]    [Pg.160]    [Pg.165]    [Pg.165]    [Pg.171]    [Pg.171]    [Pg.193]    [Pg.195]    [Pg.196]    [Pg.196]    [Pg.227]    [Pg.290]    [Pg.542]    [Pg.547]    [Pg.561]    [Pg.90]    [Pg.484]    [Pg.373]    [Pg.32]    [Pg.337]    [Pg.339]    [Pg.364]    [Pg.386]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.163 ]




SEARCH



Additional Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Experiments

Aerodynamic time-of-flight

Analyzer time-of-flight

Analyzers Time-of-Flight Technology

Atmospheric pressure ionization time-of-flight

Chemical ionization reaction time-of-flight mass

DTIMS Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass

Electrospray ionization-time flight/mass

Electrospray ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometer

Electrospray ionization-time-of-flight

Electrospray-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry

First passage time density , Levy flight

Flight times calculation

Flight times dual-stage reflectron

Flight times ionic

Flight times spatially distributed ions

Fragmentation in the Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer

Gas chromatography time-of-flight

High-resolution time-of-flight mass

High-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Holographic time of flight

Hybrid Orthogonal Time-of-Flight (oa-TOF) Instruments

Hybrids including time-of-flight with orthogonal acceleration

ICP time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Imaging time of flight secondary Ion mass spectrometry

Inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass

Inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Instrumentation time-of-flight

Ion mobility-time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Ionization time-of flight

Laser desorption time-of-flight

Linear time of flight

Linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer

Liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass

Liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry

MALDI time-of-flight

MALDI time-of-flight mass spectrometer

MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight

MALDI-TOF-MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass

MS, time-of-flight

Magnetic bottle time-of-flight

Magnetic time-of-flight

Mass Analysis in Time-of-Flight Analyser

Mass Spectrometry in Biological Chemistry Time-of-Flight (TOF) Instruments

Mass Spectrometry in Biological Chemistry Time-of-Flight (TOF) nstruments

Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS)

Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation - time of flight

Matrix-assisted laser desorption - time-of-flight mass spectroscopy

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight mass

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time of flight

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy

Mobility time-of-flight

Orthogonal Time-of-Flight (oa-TOF) Ion Optics

Orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight instruments

Photoionization time-of-flight mass

Proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Pulsed radiofrequency glow discharge time-of-flight mass

Pulsed-laser time-of-flight atom-probe

Quadrupole ion trap -time of flight mass spectrometer

Quadrupole orthogonal time-of-flights

Quadrupole time-of-flight Q-TOF)

Quadrupole time-of-flight QTOF) instrument

Quadrupole time-of-flight hybrid

Quadrupole time-of-flight hybrid mass spectrometers

Quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer

Quadrupole time-of-flight, QTOF

Quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry

Quadrupole-time-of-flight

Quadrupole-time-of-flight mass

Quadrupole-time-of-flight mass analyser

Quadrupole/time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry

Ratios by Time-of-Flight Instruments

Reflectron time of flight mass spectrometer

Reflectron time-of-flight mass

Reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Resonance-Enhanced Multiphoton Ionisation Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Spectroscopy time-of-flight

Surface Enhanced Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight SELDI-TOF)

Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight

TOF-SIMS (time-of-flight secondary

Tandem Time-of-Flight Instruments

Tandem mass spectrometry with time-of-flight analyser

Tandem quadrupole-time-of-flight

Tandem time-of-flight

The Time-of-Flight Analyser

The Time-of-Flight Analyzers

The Time-of-Flight Mass Analyser

The Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer

The Time-of-Flight Spectrometer

Time of Flight (C)

Time of Flight (TOF) Analysis

Time of Flight Ion Mobility Spectrometry

Time of Flight and QqTOF Analyzers

Time of flight MRA

Time of flight SIMS

Time of flight angiography

Time of flight broadening

Time of flight diffraction technique

Time of flight mass analyse

Time of flight mass spectrometry (TOF

Time of flight secondary ion mass

Time of flight spectra

Time of flight static secondary ion mass spectrometry

Time of flight, neutron scattering

Time-of-Flight (TOF) Analyzer

Time-of-Flight - Basic Principles

Time-of-Flight Experiments in Amorphous Chalcogenide Semiconductors

Time-of-Flight Filter

Time-of-Flight Mass

Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Time-of-Flight Models

Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry TOF-SIMS)

Time-of-Flight Section

Time-of-Flight Stream Counters

Time-of-Flight Studies

Time-of-flight

Time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectromete

Time-of-flight ICP

Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometers (ToF-MS)

Time-of-flight Spectrometry

Time-of-flight aerosol

Time-of-flight analyser

Time-of-flight analysis

Time-of-flight atom probe

Time-of-flight detection

Time-of-flight detector

Time-of-flight distribution

Time-of-flight effect

Time-of-flight experiments

Time-of-flight hexapole

Time-of-flight hybrid instruments

Time-of-flight imaging

Time-of-flight inductively coupled

Time-of-flight instrument

Time-of-flight ion-trap

Time-of-flight liquids

Time-of-flight mass analyser (

Time-of-flight mass analysis

Time-of-flight mass analyzer

Time-of-flight mass spectra

Time-of-flight mass spectromete

Time-of-flight mass spectrometer

Time-of-flight mass spectrometer TOFMS)

Time-of-flight mass spectrometer, TOF

Time-of-flight mass spectrometr

Time-of-flight mass spectrometric

Time-of-flight mass spectrometry TOF-MS)

Time-of-flight mass spectrometry ToFMS)

Time-of-flight mass spectrometry, MALDI

Time-of-flight measurements

Time-of-flight methods

Time-of-flight mode

Time-of-flight neutron diffraction

Time-of-flight principles

Time-of-flight profile

Time-of-flight reflectron

Time-of-flight scattering and recoiling

Time-of-flight secondary ion

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry ToFSIMS)

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy ToF SIMS)

Time-of-flight spectrometer

Time-of-flight system

Time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometers

Time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry

Time-of-flight technique

Time-of-flight techniques for

Time-of-flight transient

Time-of-flight, TOF

Time-of-flight, velocity analysis

Ultrasonic Time of Flight

© 2024 chempedia.info