Surface Enhanced Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight SELDI-TOF

New and innovative approaches utilizing MS have been implemented to determine the MCs Yuan and Carmicheal in 2004 describe the application of surface-enhanced laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight (SELDI TOF-MS) to detect MCs and nodularin with femtomolar sensitivity [190]. SELDl TOF-MS involves trapping the analyte of interest on to a chip usually with an antibody that has a high affinity for the analyte of interest and then using a laser beam to desorb and... 

Diamond DL, Zhang Y, Gaiger A, et al. Use of ProteinChip array surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS) to identify thymosin beta-4, a differentially secreted protein from lymphoblastoid cell lines. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2003 14 760-765. 

SELDI-TOF surface enhanced laser desorption ionization time-of-flight... 

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) and surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI)-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) are increasingly being used to simultaneously profile large numbers of... 

A recent advancement is the coupling of MS with LCM for identihcation of tumor markers specihc for cancer [89]. Specific cells of pathological interest are selected with LCM under direct microscopic visualization, laser captured, and removed from the tissues. The extracted lysate from the cells is applied directly to spots on the substrate of a surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI) MS, ionized, and desorbed from the surface, and a time-of-flight (ToF) proteomic profile of the entire cellular system is observed. This method has been recently applied to toxicology [90]. 

Hong, H., Dragan, Y., Epstein, J., Teitel, C., Chen, B., Xie, Q., Fang, H., Shi, L., Perkins, R. and Tong, W., Quahty control and quality assessment of data from surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI) time-of flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). BMC Bioirformatics, 6(Suppl. 2), S5 (2005). 

Mass spectrometers are used not only to detect the masses of proteins and peptides, but also to identify the proteins, to compare patterns of proteins and peptides, and to scan tissue sections for specific masses. MS is able to do this by giving the mass-to-charge ratio of an ionized species as well as its relative abundance. For biological sample analysis, mass spectrometers are connected to an ionizing source, which is usually matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) [14], surface-enhanced laser desorption/ioni-zation (SELDI, a modified form of MALDI) [15], or electrospray ionization [16]. These interfaces enable the transfer of the peptides or proteins from the solid or liquid phase, respectively, to the gas (vacuum) phase inside the mass spectrometer. Both MALDI and electrospray ionization can be connected to different types of mass analyzers, such as quadrupole, quadruple-ion-traps, time of flight (TOF), or hybrid instruments such as quadrupole-TOF or Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance. Each of these instruments can... 

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