Time-of-flight mass spectrometry reflectron

B.A. Mamyrin, Laser assisted reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry, hit. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 131 (1994) 1-19. 

Kaufmann R, Chaurand P, Kirsch D, Spengler B. Post-source decay and delayed extraction in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Are there trade-offs . Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 1996 10 1199-1208. 

Until now, most studies of dissociation dynamics of metastable cluster ions have been made using a double-focusing mass spectrometry method (Lifshitz et al. 1990 Lifshitz and Louage 1989, 1990 Stace 1986). As discussed herein, the novel technique of reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry is a valuable alternative approach to more standard methods. With carefully designed experiments, it is possible to derive both kinetic energy releases and decay fractions for... 

Mamyrin, B. A., Laser Assisted Reflectron Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry, Ini.. Mass Specirom. Ion Proc., 1, 131, 1994. 

Kaufmann, R., Chaurand, R, Kirsch, D., and Spengler, B., Post-source Decay and Delayed Extraction in Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Reflectron Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Are There Trade-offs , Rapid Comm. Mass. Spectrom., 10, 1199, 1996. 

Figure 2.7 Orthogonal MALDI reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Jaber, A.J. and Wilkins, C.L, (2005) Hydrocarbon polymer analysis by external MALDI Fourier transform and reflectron time of flight mass spectrometry. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 16, 2009-2016. 

Strobel, F.H. Solouki, T. White, M.A. Russell, D.H. Detection of Femtomole and Sub-Femtonaole Levels of Peptides by Tandem Magnetic Sector/Reflectron Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 1991,2,91-94. 

Boesl U, Weinkauf R and Schlag EW (1992) Reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry and laser excitation for the analysis of neutrals, ionized molecules and secondary fragments. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry. Ion Processes (Special Edition) 112 121-166. 

S. M. Lubman, D. M. Identification of proteins from two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of human erythroleukemia cells using capillary high performance liquid chromatography/electrospray-ion trap reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry with two-dimensional topographic map analysis of in-gel tryptic digest products. Rapid Common. Mass Spectrom. 1999, 73(19), 1907 1916. 

T. J. Cornish and R. J. Cotter. A Curved-Field Reflectron for Improved Energy Focusing of Product Ions in Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 7(1993) 1037-1040. 

Li, M. X. Wu, J. T. Parus, S. Lubman, D. M. 1998. Development of a three-dimensional topographic map display for capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry with an ion trap/reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer detector applications to tryptic digests of isoforms of myelin basic protein. ./. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 9,701-709. 

Figure 10 Inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ICP-TOF-MS) spectrum for a 4-ppm solution of both Pb and Bi using the ion reflectron (average of 1000 shots). (From Ref. 40.)...

Trajectories for CID fragmentation of ions of 500 Th. The focal points in energy of the product ions of 400 and 300 Th are indicated for a linear field reflectron and for a curved field reflectron. Reproduced (modified) from Cotter R.J., Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Instrumentation and Applications in Biological Research, ACS, Washington, DC, 1997, with permission. 

Figure 6.31. Positive-ion MALDI-TOF reflectron mode mass spectrum of grape seed extract (matrix 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid). (Reprinted from Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 48, Yang and Chien, Characterization of grape procyanidins using high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry, p. 3993, Copyright 2000, with permission from American Chemical Society.)...

Kaufmann, R., Spengler, B., and Lutzenkirchen, R, Mass spectrometric sequencing of linear peptides by product-ion analysis in a reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization. Rapid Communication Mass Spectrometry, 7, 902-910, 1993. 

In the last years several techniques have been developed to improve the mass resolution in TOF-mass spectrometers such as the use of a reflecting field/2/ in the ion beam path or the method of velocity compac-tion/3/. Especially by using a Reflectron-Time-of-Flight (RETOF) ins-trument/4/ some shortcomings of the Time-of-Flight technique can be overcome like the limited mass resolution. The necessity of pulsed ion sources in Time-of-Flight mass spectrometry makes this technique excellent for pulsed ionization methods like laser ionization or secondary ion emission. 

Figure 3.12. Reflectron time-of-flight mass analyzer. AU ions of the same mass, but that differ in kinetic energy, are made to arrive at the same time at a detector (D2) that is located at the end of the second field-free region (L2). (Reproduced from C. Dass, Principles and Practice of Biological Mass Spectrometry, WUey-Interscience, 2001.)...

Cordero MM, Cornish TJ, Cotter RJ, and Lys lA (1995) Sequencing peptides without scanning the reflectron post-source decay with a curved-field reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 9 1356-1361. 

Cornish, T.J. and Cotter, R.J. (1993) A curved-fleld reflectron for improved energy focusing of product ions in time-of-flight mass- spectrometry. 

Cotter, R.J., Gardner, B.D., Iltchenko, S., and English, R.D. (2004) Tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry with a curved field reflectron. Anal. Chem., 76, 1975-1981. 

S. Enghdi, R.D. Tandem Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry with a Curved Field Reflectron. Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 1976-1981. 

Wu J-T, He L, Li MX, Parus S and Lubman DM (1997) On-line capillary separations/tandem mass spectrometry for protein digest analysis by using an ion trap storage/reflectron time-of-flight mass detector. Journal of the American Society of Mass Spectrometry 8 1237. 

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