Future Directives

According to the current, still limited knowledge, responsible recommendations should be communicated effectively to health care personnel and patients. Here care must be taken to avoid careless prescription of susceptible drugs without unnecessary overreaction leading to complete avoidance of citrus products, because these contain significant amounts of antioxidant phytochemicals with significant health benefits. 

Further clinical research will have to be conducted to conclusively determine the mechanisms and clinical relevance of these interactions. 

Bailey DG, Spence JD, Munoz C, Arnold JM. Interaction of citrus juices with felodipine and nifedipine. Lancet 1991 337(8736) 268-269. 

Soons PA, Vogels BA, Roosemalen MC, et al. Grapefruit juice and cimetidine inhibit stereoselective metabolism of nitrendipine in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1991 50(4) 394-403. 

Hukkinen SK, Varhe A, Olkkola KT, Neuvonen PJ. Plasma concentrations of triazolam are increased by concomitant ingestion of grapefruit juice. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1995 58(2) 127-131. 

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As on previous occasions, the reader is reminded that no very extensive coverage of the literature is possible in a textbook such as this one and that the emphasis is primarily on principles and their illustration. Several monographs are available for more detailed information (see General References). Useful reviews are on future directions and anunonia synthesis [2], surface analysis [3], surface mechanisms [4], dynamics of surface reactions [5], single-crystal versus actual catalysts [6], oscillatory kinetics [7], fractals [8], surface electrochemistry [9], particle size effects [10], and supported metals [11, 12]. 

R. W. Baker and co-workers. Membrane Separation Systems, Recent Developments and Future Directions, Noyes Data Corp., Park Ridge, N.J., 1991. 

The avaHabihty of photoconductive polymers opens up many areas for research, in addition to electrophotography. These are relatively unexplored areas and represent promising future directions. 

There have been numerous communications on the subject of biodegradation test methods, including aerobic compost (30), anaerobic bioreactor (31), general methodology and future directions (32—34), and a fine review article (24). ASTM (22) and MITI (35) have also set forth standard testing protocols for plastics, as shown in Table 2, whereas OECD test methods (29) are more suited to water-soluble polymers. 

J. M. Juran, M Histo ofManagingfor Quality The Evolution, Trends, and Future Directions of Managing for Quality, ASQC Quahty Press, Milwaukee, Wis., 1995, p. 597. 

W. Adlhoch and K. A. Theis, "The Rheiubraun High Temperature Winkler (HTW) Process," paper presented at the EPRJ Workshop on Synthetic Fuels Status and Future Direction, San Francisco, Calif., 1980. 

Chemical Aspects of Enzyme Technology—Fundamentals, Plenum Press, New York, 1990. Various eds.. Enzyme Engineeiing, vols. 2-5, Plenum Press, New York, 1974—1980. Wingard, L. B., I. V. Berezin, and A. A. Klyosov (eds.). Enzyme Engineeiing—Future Directions, Plenum Press, 1980. 

In this chapter solid-state physics and chemistry future directions in shock-compres-... 

There has for some years been a considerable backlog in the development of practicable prechromatographic methods [5]. It is becoming more and more recognized that the future direction to be taken by trace analysts is to make improvements in the extraction, enrichment and clean-up of the sample and in the optimization of derivatization. It is only in this way that it is possible to employ the sensitive chromatographic techniques optimally for the solution of practically relevant problems. 

Application technique The samples were appUed as bands (ca. 5 mm long) at right angles to the lower edge of the plate (that is parallel to the future direction of development), e.g. with the Linomat III (Camag). 

Decisions affecting the future direction of the organization and its products and services are made from information gleaned through market research. Should this information be grossly inaccurate, over optimistic or pessimistic the result may well be the loss of many customers to the competition. It is therefore vital that objective data is used to make these decisions. The data can be primary data (data collected for the first time during a market research study) or secondary data (previously collected data). However, you need to be cautious with secondary data, as it could be obsolete or have been collected on a different basis than needed for the present study. 

This chapter will first cover the nature of electrophoretic separations, especially those concerning capillary electrophoresis. Comprehensive multidimensional separations will then be defined, specifically in terms of orthogonality and resolution. The history of planar and non-comprehensive electrodriven separations will then be discussed. True comprehensive multidimensional separations involving chromatography and capillary electrophoresis will be described next. Finally, the future directions of these multidimensional techniques will be outlined. 

O.D. Sherby and J. Wadsworth, "Superplasticity-Recent Advances and Future Directions," Prog. Mater. ScL, 33 166 (1989). 

Strand V, Kimberly R, Isaacs JD (2007) Biologic therapies in rheumatology lessons learned, future directions. Nat Rev Drug Discovery 6 75-92... 

Present Status and Future Directions of Plutonium Process Chemistry... 

An overview is given of plutonium process chemistry used at the U. S. Department of Energy Hanford, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Rocky Flats, and Savannah River sites, with particular emphasis on solution chemistry involved in recovery, purification, and waste treatment operations. By extrapolating from the present system of processes, this paper also attempts to chart the future direction of plutonium process development and operation. Areas where a better understanding of basic plutonium chemistry will contribute to development of improved processing are indicated. 

MacKnight, W.J., Baer, E. and Nelson, R.D., eds., "Proceedings of a DOE Workshop Recommending Future Directions in Energy-Related Polymer Research," (1978), Document no. CONF-780643. 

National Research Council, Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology. Future Directions in Advanced Exploratory Research Related to Oil, Gas, Shale, and Tar Sand Resources. Washington, D.C. National Academy Press, 1987. 

The Advanced Seminars have been crucial for evaluating the utility and validity of existing methods and results, discussing potential improvements in methods, and setting priorities for future research. A brief summary of the advances made in previous seminars and future directions of research on chemical and isotopic techniques of diet reconstruction follows. 

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