Biologic therapy

Johnston SL (2007) Biologic therapies what and when J Clin Path 60 8-17 (Review)... 

Strand V, Kimberly R, Isaacs JD (2007) Biologic therapies in rheumatology lessons learned, future directions. Nat Rev Drug Discovery 6 75-92... 

Sandborn WJ, Targan SR. Biologic therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 2002 122 1592-1608. 

Determine appropriate indications for endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, and biologic therapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer. 

TABLE 86-7. Biologic Therapy Used for Breast Cancer ... 

Genovese MC. Biologic therapies in clinical development for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Rheumatol 2005 11(3 Suppl) S45-54. 

Wigginton, J. and Wiltrout, R. 2002IL-12/IL-2 combination cytokine therapy for solid tumors translation from benchside to bedside. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 2(5), 513-524. 

Brandt, J. and Braun, J. 2006. Anti-TNF-alpha agents in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 6(2), 99-107. 

Bagasra, O. 2005. RNAi as an antiviral therapy. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 5(11), 1463-1474. 

Caplen, N. 2003. RNAi as a gene therapy approach. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 3(4), 575-568. 

Kashani-Sabet, M. 2004. Non-viral delivery of ribozymes for cancer gene therapy. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 4(11), 1749-1755. 

Biologic therapies—primarily immunomodulating agents designed to alter immune responses—comprise first-line systemic therapy. 

Kleinerman, E.S., Biologic therapy for osteosarcoma using liposome-encapsulated muramyl tripeptide, Hematol. Oncol. Clin. North Am., 9, 927, 1995. 

As is obvious from the studies described, pharmacogenetic studies of biological therapies in RA offer conflicting results (see Table 14.4). Some studies showed that TNF promoter polymorphisms such as -308 are markers of response to anti-TNF... 

Sekeres, M.A. (2007) The myelodysplastic syndromes. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 7, 369-377. 

Espina V, Dettloff KA, Cowherd S et al (2004) Use of proteomic analysis to monitor responses to biological therapies. Expert Opin Biol Ther 4 83-93 (Review) (95 refe)... 

Two recently introduced biological therapies were designed to interfere with the inflammatory cascade initiate by TNF-a. Etanercept (Enbrel) is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis in individuals over age 4. Infliximab in conjunction with methotrexate (Remicade) is approved for use by adults in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for therapy of Crohn s disease. Over the short term, the efficacy of these drugs in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis appears to be superior to that of methotrexate alone however, their ability to prevent bone erosion for longer than 24 months must be further studied. The cost of both drugs is significantly higher than that of the other DMARDs. 

Davidson, J.R. (1997) Biological therapies for posttraumatic stress disorder an overview. / Clin Psychiatry 58 (Suppl 9) 29-32. 

Weinberg JM et al Biologic therapy for psoriasis An update on the tumor necrosis factor inhibitors infliximab, etanercept, and adalimumab, and the T-cell-targeted therapies efalizumab and alefacept. J Drugs Dermatol 2005 4 544. [PMID 16167412]... 

Bionski W et al Safety of biologic therapy. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2007 13 769. 

Hagan, P. and Sharaf, O. (2003) Schistosomiasis vaccines. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 3, 1271 -1278. 

Fleischmann RM, Iqbal I, Stern RL. Considerations with the use of biological therapy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2004 3 391-403. 

Hyrich KL. Assessing the safety of biologic therapies in rheumatoid arthritis the challenges of study design. J Rheumatol Suppl. 2005 72 48-50. 

Keystone EC. Safety of biologic therapies—an update. J Rheumatol Suppl. 2005 74 8-12. 

In oncology the introduction and development of new products is quite intense. The number of patients available for treatment will be linked only to those entering therapy once those who have existing disease are treated. Many market models seen at investor conferences fail to take into account the fact that the available market for new biological therapies may be reduced because of advances in other areas such as radiotherapy or surgery. 

Anderson PM, Markovic SN, Sloan JA, Clawson ML, Wylam M, Arndt CAS, Smithson WA, Burch P, Gornet M, Rahman E (1999), Aerosol granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor a low toxicity, lung-specific biological therapy in patients with lung metastases, Clin. Cancer Res. 5 2316-2323. 

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