Roles and responsibilities

The roles and responsibilities divided and allocated between both the pharmaceutical or healthcare company and any snppliers need to be defined. A simple organizational chart can prove very useful when describing snch interrelationships between project staff. Resnmes of project staff should be collated and inclnde references to their education and degrees obtained, professional certificates, previous job titles and responsibilities, but most importantly to their competency to fulfill their roles. Resumes for temporary staff, such as supplier persormel, are often included as an appendix to the Validation Plan or associated Validation Report. Some pharmaceutical and healthcare companies may prefer to use a central management system to collate the resumes of their own permanent staff. 

The roles and responsibilities of the toller and their client are spelled out in the contract. For example, some of the toller s responsibilities may be  

While these responsibilities seem straightforward, there are numerous responsibilities that are intertwined and discrete. Both parties need to understand their individual responsibilities especially regarding process hazards, environmental concerns, communication, and technology/knowledge transfer. 

The roles and responsibilities of a flavourist and of a sensory expert within the flavour industry are very different. The former aims at CTeating flavour solutions to be applied in food bases, and the latter at studying the perception of the obtained flavoured food products. 

The main activities of a flavourist are three-fold. The first is to match an existing flavour, for example in the case of legislation changes. The second is to optimise an existing flavour, when for instance a customer aims at making his product preferred, in comparison to the current version or the main competition, in order to increase his market share. And the third is to create a completely new flavour - for example, this could be a new product development initiated by a customer in the context of a range extension or a new brand creation. 

A wide range of methods is used in sensory science, from discrimination tests (usually to determine whether a significant difference exists between two or more products) 

Sensory panel leaders provide sensory expert panellists with appropriate training in order to efficiently capture relevant sensory descriptive information. They are responsible for the maintenance of the quality of the data and the motivation of the sensory expert panellists by monitoring their performance and retraining them as often as necessary. For each project, sensory panel leaders adapt the process of evaluation according to the food product characteristics (i.e. temperature of consumption, palate cleansing methods, break duration, etc). 

Most of the sensory scientists of Givaudan have a food science background. Based upon project objectives and sensory testing needs, they decide on adapted sensory 

In the case of traditional land reclamation projects, the translation of functional requirements into performance requirements and Technical Specifications is done by the Client and his Consultant. 

In a design and construct type of contract only the project definition and functional requirements are defined by the Client and his Consultant. The performance requirements and resulting Technical Specifications are then deliberated by the Contractor. 

An intermediate option is a form of contract in which the performance requirements (and possibly also the design methods) are specified. The definition of the required fill and fill mass properties (including possibly required soil improvement techniques) is done by the Contractor. 

To avoid confusing during the tender and construction phase of a project, it is important to ensure that the technical specifications are in line with the responsibilities as defined by the type of contract. Mixing functional requirements with performance requirements and Technical Specifications is a common pitfall for design and construct projects. 

A more detailed overview of items to be considered when writing a set of Specifications, can be found in the checklist presented in Table 12.1. 

Relying on teamwork to integrate health and safety and line management functions for the planning and accomplishment of work activities is vital to providing a safe working environment. Health and safety 

Site-specific health and safety requirements and site personnel, including contractors, are typically held responsible for managing and conducting all activities safely. Every worker should understand that he or she is responsible for sharing in the commitment to a safe workplace. In addition, employees should perform their work in accordance with any applicable laws, regulations, contract provisions, and established site-specific requirements. 

Given that multiple contractor and subcontractor organizations could be involved in work activities, senior management should address any misunderstandings concerning specific operational responsibilities and accountabilities that could cause problems in the administration of site-specific programs. 

Defining responsibilities and levels of authorities should be specified in the contractual agreement. This fundamental strategy is essential for success. The more complicated the task, the more in depth the contractual agreements and site-specific plans will need to be. 

Health and safety issues and worker protection should be integrated into project specifications, bid packages, contracts, and other appro- 

Each person in an organisation should be confident of the role they have to play and aware of e degree of executive responsibility they bear. This responsibility must be limited to the extent of the control they have been autiiorised to exercise. While the company, as a legal entity, carries the overall legal responsibility and is answerable to the law of the land, individual 

Formal iines of contact informai iines of contact 

Factors to be taken into account when considering the extent of control exercised by an individual person are the authority and the power that the person has. 

A simple definition of authority is legitimate power and Max Weber saw authority and its legitimacy as central to the question of organisational structure. He maintained that authority exists when instructions are obeyed 

These three authority types are not mutually exclusive but can appear in any organisation at any hierarchical level. 

The regulatory body has the responsibility of specifying or approving the requirements for a PSR, reviewing the conduct and conclusions of the review and the consequential corrective actions and/or safety improvements, and 

Certain parts of a PSR should be carried out by external consultants so as to ensure objectivity. An example of this is the review of the safety factors of organization and administration and human factors. While the primary responsibility for carrying out the review rests with the operating organization, an independent review should be conducted to provide the necessary objectivity. 

Everyone is responsible for accident prevention. This statement also means that no one in particular is accountable or responsible. Four entities must be accountable and responsible for accident prevention  

All levels of management must demonstrate their commitment to the company s policies and procedures regarding safety and health hy their presence, visibility, actions, adherence, and behavior. 

Person who, by background or experience, has been assigned responsibility and therefore assigned accountability to ensure that the company s safety and health program is adhered to. 

Supervisor, who models the company s safety personality and is the liaison between management and the worker relevant to the implementation of safety, must be held both responsible and accountable for safety in his/her work area. 

Employees are responsible for abiding by the company s rules and policies and are accountable for their own behavior, safe or unsafe. 

Whether regulated by OSHA or not, some basic activities must be performed by any organization in order to provide a safe working environment for its employees, including job safety analysis, hazard prevention and control, and training. Beyond this, more detailed and administrative functions must be performed, such as  

Often these responsibilities are spread across the organization (especially in smaller utilities) with no one person having overall responsibility for ensuring that these duties are completed. To ensure that all required and desired activities are being performed consistently and effectively, each utility should define the roles and responsibilities for HSE compliance. Table 1-5 provides a general distribution of HSE responsibilities that can be adapted to any organization, whether with dedicated safety staff or only production or administrative staff with dual responsibilities. 

Track emerging laws and regulations that affect utility operations and communicate to the regions/ facilities. 

Provide shared services to the regions/ facilities where it is more efficient to do so at the corporate level (e.g., training, specialty services). 

Conduct audits of regional/facility HSE compliance and assessments of program implementation efforts. 

Once you have decided on the type of journey you want to begin, your next major task is to outline the roles and responsibilities for each 

In addition, each management position, as well as all employees, should have some level of specific responsibilities clearly defined. Managers and supervisors must have specific safety activities that they are required 

For an excellent resource on this issue, refer to Dan Petersen s book Safety by Objeaives, McGraw-Hill, 1996 [3]. We will continue to refer to Dan Petersen s concepts throughout this book. 

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Once a toller has been selected and any required preliminary confidentiality protection is in place, the client typically shares more detailed information. The toller can then make an informed decision about the economic, technical, and safety aspects involved in bidding the work. If the two parties decide the project will be mutually beneficial, agreements and obligations are negotiated and then formalized in a written contract. Both parties—the client and the toller—have roles in fulfilling the contract and in carrying out their responsibilities to the workers and the public. The purpose of the written contract is to clarify and document those roles and responsibilities to effectively execute, maintain and eventually terminate the project. 

Employees should have adequate training ensuring that they understand their role and responsibilities in their assigned job. They should also understand the role and responsibility of their work group s function and how it relates to the overall business. 

Establishing overall and specific organizational roles and responsibilities of different functions and disciplines by defining individual roles, responsibilities, accountabilities, and interfaces in the project team with matrix personnel and organizations, and between contractors and subcontractors. 

The project team organization. This will help to identify key individuals and alternates, roles and responsibilities, and other on-site and off-site resources. 

The following sections describe roles and responsibilities that may be included in a project team. 

If your safety plan is eomprehensive, it should speeify defined roles and responsibilities. The safety plan will state what proeedures should be followed when workers eome upon a safety-related situation that they eannot fix themselves. 

DOE recommends the use of a systematic approach to training, in which the content of training is commensurate with the potential hazards, exposures, worker roles and responsibilities, and requirements of the project (see Eigure 8-1) [1]. The description of this systematic approach sounds like a great idea. However, in some cases the execution of the systematic approach is difficult to attain. In general, training classes aim content and level to reach at least 80 percent of attendees. 

HAZWOPER Applicability A Nature of Work A Hazard Levels A Personnel Roles and Responsibilities. ... 

Prior to beginning any training activity, exact training needs should be identified. Training needs may vary based on hazards, potential exposures, work requirements, roles and responsibilities, job descriptions, and compliance requirements. Job hazard analyses and employee surveys... 

The audit team found that at Sites B and H, safety and health personnel had suflfieient authority in most eases to thoroughly implement the safety and health plans. To faeilitate safety and health eom-plianee, anyone who entered Site H, ineluding delivery personnel, was required to view a brief video that summarized the site history and remediation operations, identified the hazardous substanees monitored on site, and deseribed site evaeuation proeedures. Site B s SSAHP did not mention speeifie subeontraetors and their roles and responsibilities however, it did indieate that the prime eontraetor had oversight responsibility for all safety and health aetivities and the authority to diseontinue or modify site operations when unsafe eonditions were deteeted. 

Definition of Responsibilities Facility personnel understand their roles and responsibilities in achieving the desired level of PSM performance. Appropriate checks and balances have been establish to minimize confiicts of interest. Internai coordination and communication mechanisms exist. 

Reconcile the model with existing roles and responsibilities. Each role called for in the model program will have to be filled by someone in your organization. What are the roles and responsibilities required To whom will they be assigned ... 

Documenting the Process. The net effect of these steps is a process description, defined in terms of customers and suppliers and their interaction. Next, the team can summarize that description in the form of a process flowchart, to illustrate the roles and responsibilities of each process stakeholder (see Figure 6-8). This chart provides the basis for developing standard operating procedures, or other process documentation, that the company can incorporate into existing practices. 

Following Is a sample description of roles and responsibilities circulated with regard to a division s PSM pilot test. 

Tasks required. A summary of the tasks that will be undertaken to achieve the objective, and the roles and responsibilities for each task. 

Chapter 5 takes a close-up look at mentors and mentees - for example, it details the mentor and mentee characteristics and behaviours that support and hinder successful relationships. It also draws attention to the roles and responsibilities of mentors and mentees. 

Detailed design can proceed when the above items have been considered and agreement has been reached on those important to the study. At this point, the roles and responsibilities of study personnel can be defined, development of commodity collection strategies can proceed, and consideration of measurement and reporting methods can begin. 

The QA unit should have written procedures (SOPs) for the conduct of inspections and audits. These procedures should incorporate all considerations for the review of electronic data systems. The QA unit SOPs should address the role and responsibilities of the QA unit in software development, purchase, and validation activities, in-process audit procedures for data collected on line, procedures for on-line review of data (i.e., what will be verified and how much data will be reviewed), and the procedure for auditing reports using on-line data. 

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