Design detailed

Definition and Preliminary Design Detailed Design Procurement Construction Commissioning Review... 

Many oil and gas companies do not consider the detailed design and construction of production facilities as part of their core business. This is often the stage at which work is contracted out to engineering firms and the client company will switch manpower resources elsewhere, although some degree of project management is commonly retained. 

The first step is to have a complete and detailed description of the system, process, or procedure under consideration. This must include physical properties of the materials, operating temperatures and pressures, detailed flow sheets, instmment diagrams of the process, materials of constmction, other detailed design specifications, and so forth. The more detailed and up-to-date this information is, the better the result of the analysis. 

A pilot plant typically has significantly more control loops than the average process faciUty. Caution should be used when applying process correlations in the absence of a detailed design. 

Eurther detail about MSE desalination can be found in References 48, 55, and 56. A detailed design of an MSE plant producing 9,500 nT/d gallons of fresh water per day was pubUshed by the U.S. government (57). 

As part of the detailed design of each safety interlock, written test procedures must be developed for the following purposes ... 

Briefly describe the processing route which you would specify for making the pressure hull of Problem 27.2 from each of the materials listed in the table. Comment on any particular problems which might be encountered. [You may assume that the detailed design will call for a number of apertures in the wall of the pressure hull.]... 

Figure 2.40 shows the initial detailed design including the tolerances required on each component in the stack to achieve the 0.2 mm assembly tolerance, (not included is the dimensional tolerance on the fuel port block of 12 0.05 mm which is set by the... 

Unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC) and carbon monoxide (CO) are only produced in incomplete combustion typical of idle conditions. It appears probable that idling efficiency can be improved by detailed design to provide better atomization and higher local temperatures. CO2 production is a direct function of the fuel burnt (3.14 times the fuel burnt) it is not possible to control the production of CO2 in fossil fuel combustion, the best control is the increasing of the turbine efficiency, thus requiring less fuel to be burnt for the same power produced. 

Improvement of equipment effectiveness. This should start with a detailed design review of the plant machinery. A performance analysis of the plant could point to a specific area known to have problems (i.e., section of plant) must be selected and focused on, project teams should be formed and assigned to each train. An analysis should be conducted that address the following ... 

ATM = Minimum column cross-sectional area, tV. Further detailed design calculations may result in a change in tower diameter. 

For reboilers, especially thermosyphon types, the devil is in the details. The information presented herein is intended for preliminary work. Final design is performed by experienced engineers using detailed design techniques. 

This approach will provide a number aecurate enough for initial planning. For detailed design, the proeess engineer should work elosely with the meehanieal engineer and/or vendor representative involved to set exact requirements, ineluding orifice type and size for the minimum flow line. Also, a eooler may be required in the minimum flow line or it may need to be routed to a vessel. For boiler feedwater pumps, a special stepped type orifice is often used to eontrol flashing. 

The methodologies and in particular specific installation details, design procedures and calculation methods presented herein are not necessarily definitive, and may differ among refinery operations even though they, for the most part, are based on API recommendations and other well recognized organizations. 

Process Detailed Design Detailed specification based on concept design Minimize number of possible leak paths Make plant friendly to control, operate, and maintain Avoid or simplify hazardous activities such as sampling, loading and unloading Process conceptual design and codes/standards and procedures Experience on past projects/designs... 

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