Discrimination tests

The data on heats and entropies of adsorption do allow a more discriminating test of an adsorption model, although even so only some rather qualitative conclusions can be reached. The discussion of these follows. 

Table 2 is a summary of drug discrimination testing data for drugs that completely substitute in rats trained to discriminate saline from (-t-)-MBDB-HCl (1.75 mg/kg 7.19 pmol/kg). These data are arranged in order of decreasing relative potency. 

TABLE 2. Compounds that completely substitute for (+)-MBDB in drug discrimination tests in rats... 

Place preference tests drug discrimination tests self administration procedures... 

The methods to investigate the specificity of behaviorally active compounds include spontaneous responses of untrained animals and discrimination tests, where a discriminated stimulus is substituted by another closely related compound to detect the degree of generalization from one stimulus to another. In field studies, the first is the method of choice. 

In mice, the intravenous LD50 was greater than 25 mg/kg, and the MEDjq (median effective dose) was 0.1 mg/kg, for a safety margin greater than 250. In the dog, slight hypertension was seen at 0.1 and 1 mg/kg. In monkeys trained on a visual discrimination test, minimal behavioral effects were seen at 0.316 mg/kg, and moderate to marked effects at 1.0 mg/kg. 

Vauquelin (14), A. Klaproth (6), and R. Jameson (5), alkali soluble organic constituents of soil and coal are designated as humic acids/ Collectively, these substances make up an ill-defined series of dark colored, weakly acidic solids which form whenever plant components (such as lignin) are exposed to fungal oxidases, or when coal is allowed to weather or otherwise oxidize. Some evidence now exists that humic acids isolated from these varied sources do indeed contain several common peripheral structures (2, II, 16), but by any more discriminating test, the term possesses little chemical significance or fixed meaning. 

The bulk of evidence points to the first limiting model as most appropriate for use in treating photochemical transformations. The theory as developed by Robinson and Frosch18 will be used as a basis of our discussion. However, we must bear in mind that other approaches to analysis of the rate process may produce results having different form. This reservation is important because we are seeking only a formalism for use in correlation of experimental results and perhaps to provide a basis for semiempirical theory. Such applications are unlikely to provide any very discriminating test of the theory so revision of the form is most likely to come from ab initio review of the model. 

Even more importantly, URB597 seems to lack hedonic properties, as it had no effect on two rat models of abuse potential, the conditioned place preference test and the drug discrimination test (Kathuria et al., 2003). Similar results have been recently obtained also in experiments with monkeys (Justinova et al., 2008). 

Segregation of dmg substance from its excipients during transfer and processing is a main concern for low-dose formulations therefore the stratified core tablet content uniformity results, which should be a more discriminating test than content... 

Simple white T-shirt used in human odor discrimination test... 

The previous discussion is quantitatively valid only for the angles and indices of refraction presented, but the analysis and conclusions would qualitatively hold for a general combination of angles and indices of refraction. Also, in practice the uncertainty introduced by the refractive index effect requires that a range of ratio combinations be used in the three-angle discrimination test rather than two exact ratios, but the advantages are still present. The method can also determine refractive indices when inversed. 

Enzymes other than creatine kinase have found little application in the detection of Duchenne carriers. Recently, however, the Berlin group have claimed that measurement of alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and aldolase and application of the formula, 108 — 4.9 GPT — 0.2 LDH — 19.6 ALD (where GPT, LDH, and ALD represent the levels of these three enzymes) is a useful discriminative test a negative result suggests that the individual is a carrier (B18). 

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