Soil Requirements

Parsley will thrive on almost any fertile, mellow soil. Because of the small size of the seeds and their slowness in germinating, it is especially desirable that the soil be free from any tendency to bake. Rich sandy loams and mucks and peats are desirable soils. 

The use of manure and commercial fertilizer on land for parsley will nearly always cause increased yields. If the manure is well decomposed it may be applied broadcast during the final preparation of the soil. The fertilizer may also be broadcast before the seed is sown. A complete mixture, such as a 5-10-5 (1) combination, used at rates of 1,000 to 1,500 pounds per acre, supplemented by two or three 200-pound-per-acre side dressings of nitrate of soda or sulphate of ammonia, will usually give good results. 

Percentages of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash respectively. 

Two forms of foliage parsley are used—the moss or curled-leaved (fig. 1) and the plain-leaved. In quality they are alike, but the curledleaved is more attractive, and it is grown to the practical exclusion of the other. Moss Curled, Double Curled, and Plain Leaved are well known varieties. The turnip-rooted form, of which Hamburg is the leading variety, is usually listed merely as turnip- or thick-rooted parsley. 

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Spices have become commercial products ia over 70 countries of the world and may be produced ia almost every country that can grow crops. However, many species of botanicals can be grown only ia particular climates or have particular soil requirements. The warm, moist, tropical climates foster the growth of more species than any other areas the traditional or tropical spices origiaated ia these areas. 

Similar to most Hg sampling methods, sampling sediments and soils require care in avoiding contamination artifacts due to improper sample handling. However, because Hg concentratiorrs are much higher in soUd matrices than in water, if corrrmonly accepted trace-metal protocols are used, substantial contamination artifacts should be exceedingly rare. Also, because sediment Hg concentration profiles... 

Complex mixtures of contaminants in the soil, such as a mixture of metals, nonvolatile organics, semivolatile organics, and so on, make it difficult to formulate a single suitable washing fluid that will remove all the different types of contaminants from the soil. Sequential washing steps, using different additives, may be needed. In fact, each type of contaminated soil requires a special treatment procedure, which is determined through laboratory or pre-industrial tests, so that system modifications and optimum operative conditions are specified. 

The stationary in situ steam extraction system uses injection wells to introduce the steam, and recovery wells for removing it. Soil permeability is a major factor. Low-permeability soils require a far greater number of wells compared to high-permeable soil, driving up costs. To be effective... 

To assess the fate of Dacthal that is applied to soil, both parent and metabolite forms in water and soil should be considered. While rapid methods exist for the determination of Dacthal and its metabolites in water [218, 219], quantitative and rapid methods are needed to determine Dacthal and its metabolites in soils, since conventional methods require large volumes of solvent and time to process the extract. For example, the conventional method for extracting Dacthal and its metabolites from soil requires 200mL of 0.4M HCl/acetone to extract a 20g sample and the use of hazardous diazopropane to derivatize the acids to their ester forms [220],... 

The residual saturation capacity of soil is generally about one third of its waterholding capacity. Immobilization of a certain mass of hydrocarbon is dependent upon soil porosity and physical characteristics of the product. The volume of soil required to immobilize a volume of liquid hydrocarbon can be estimated as follows ... 

Not technically viable for clayey soils Requires disposal of air medium... 

Not viable for clayey soil Requires disposal of air filtration medium... 

Assess extent of impacted soil Requires temperature and odor control biotreatment ... 

Several workers [ 1,29,66,67,104,146 -149] indicated that studying pollutants and/or SWM leachate migration profiles resulting from transport of pollutants with a test soil requires that replicate samples be subjected to leaching-column tests, where various pore volumes of the same solution are applied. 

Chaney R. L., Angle J. S., Wang A. S., McIntosh M.S., Broadhurst L., and Reeves R. D., 2005, Phytoextraction of soil Cd, Ni and Zn using hyperaccumulator plants to alleviate risks of metal contaminated soils requiring remediation. International Workshop Current developments in remediation of contaminated lands p. 39, 27-29 October 2005. Pulawy, Poland. 

Most elemental ph osphorus is used to manufacture phosphoric acid, a solid that is used to produce triple-phosphate fertilizers. Some soils require large amounts of phosphorus to produce a viable crop. 

The vendor claims that the technology can be used to remove all visible mercury from soil. They claim that the technology can be adapted to different soils, and can be used in combination with other treatments such as biodegradation and chemical extraction to allow for additional volume reduction of soil requiring disposal. 

Previous studies indicated that triazines in soils require rigorous extraction conditions and a need for water in the extraction solvent. Mattson et al (1970) found that minimally a 1-h reflux was required for extraction of weathered atrazine residues. Huang and Pignatello (1990) concluded that shaking samples for 2 1 h in hot (95°C) solvent was required to achieve extraction of atrazine residues, whereas shaking at room temperature yielded about 40% fewer residues. Increasing unheated shaking time to 24h realized only minor improvement. 

Table 2.7. Soil requirements of the most important fruit species.

M26. This rootstock is less demanding than M9 in terms of soil requirements and has rather better anchorage. M26 virus-free is about 50% more vigorous than M9, and this is why the commencement of cropping is later. 

Mil. Broader crown, susceptible to crown gall, positive effect on fruit quality, no special soil requirements. 

Soil requirements are similar to those for apples. Pears, especially on a quince rootstock, suffer from chlorosis when the pH is high. 

Curbs growth, frost-hardy, not always compatible, medium to high soil requirements, good fruit size can be obtained by pruning and additional irrigation. Not suitable for replanting after P. avium or after itself. 

WEI ROOT CLONES. Early and high yields (from third year after planting onwards), incompatibilities - if not absolutely virus-free - with Van, Sam, Charmes and various Swiss cultivars, high soil requirements. 

STRAWBERRIES AND RASPBERRIES. These are the most demanding in terms of soil requirements. They should be grown only on medium-heavy to light, free-draining soils. Areas with compaction or waterlogging are unsuitable. Reduced yields and root disease problems are unavoidable on unfavourable soils. Planting by the hill system is to be recommended if soil conditions are not entirely optimal. 

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