Job-safety analysis

Job Safety Analysis (JSA) is a formal method that can be used to identify, analyze, and record the steps of a job in order to identify the safety hazards and avoidance methods. Although this topic was already addressed in Chapter 4, it is important to restate the value of this tool here. JSAs are the perfect employee engagement tool with which to build safety awareness. Using a prescribed method and standard forms, work team members evaluate the very work they perform to identify any safety hazards. It is a safety kaizen activity. 

Job safety analysis (or job hazard analysis) is an accident prevention technique that should be used in conjimction with the development of job safety instructions safe systems of work and job safety training. 

The technique of job safety analysis (JSA) has evolved from the work study techniques known as method study and work measurement. 

The method study engineers aim is to improve methods of produchon. In this they use a technique known as the SREDIM principle  

Install (this method into the company s operahons)  

Work measurement is uhlised to break the job down into its component parts and, by measuring the quantity of work in each of the component parts, make human effort more effechve. From experience standard hmes have evolved for particular component operahons and these enable jobs to be given a hme.  

Job safety analysis (JSA) is concerned with uncovering and rectifying potential hazards intrinsic to or inherent in the workplace. Usually, workers, supervisors, safety professionals, and management participate in JSA. JSA is composed of fhe following five steps [1,12]  

Finally, it is added that the success of this method very much depends on the degree of the rigor the JSA team members exercise during analysis. Additional information on this method is available in Reference 1. 

The Job Safety Analysis (JSA) is a process used to determine hazards of and safe procedures for each step of a job. A specific job or work assignment can be separated into a series of relatively simple steps. The hazards for each step can be identified and the solutions developed to control each hazard. 

The JSA is a very important part of a safety program. The most effective way to accomplish these analyses is to involve all employees. Therefore, each worker, supervisor, and manager needs to be prepared to assist in the recognition, evaluation, and control of hazards throngh the JSA process. 

The JSA is a fairly simple process that can be as basic as four steps  

Identifying the hazards associated with each step 

Workers are injured or killed at workplaces across North America every day. Accidents can mean both human loss and financial loss to the employer and the employee. How can these losses be minimized The best way to prevent losses caused by accidents and occupational illness is to develop a solid, working program for accident prevention. Systematically looking at workplace operations, establishing proper job procedures, and ensuring all employees are properly trained can help prevent workplace injuries and illnesses. 

As a part of an effective Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) program, a Job Safety Analysis (JSA) has proved to be an effective accident and occupational illness prevention tool in many industries. The JSA, also known as a Job Hazard Analysis (JHA), is a safety management tool in which the risks or hazards of a specific job in the workplace are identified and measures to eliminate or control those hazards are determined and implemented. Most safety programs are considered reactive, an action in response to an incident. A JSA is considered a proactive approach to workplace safety. A JSA is a process of systematically evaluating certain jobs, identifying the hazards or potential hazard associated with each step of the job, and finding effective control measures to eliminate or reduce the risk of hazards and make the workplace as safe as possible, before those hazards have a chance to become accidents. 

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) defines a JSA as a means of carefully studying and recording each step of a job, identifying existing or potential job hazards and determining the best way to perform the job to reduce or eliminate these hazards.  

JSAs are a valuable tool for water utilities that have a commitment to reduce and prevent accidents and illnesses on the job. Developing and implementing safe job procedures, and training employees to work properly to prevent accidents, are actions that are likely to result in fewer worker injuries and illnesses, reduced workers legal claims, more-effective work methods, and increased productivity. 

JSAs play an important role in effectively managing HSE programs. This chapter provides a guideline for how JSAs can be used, prepared, and implemented. Key terms for understanding the function of a JSA are as follows  

Once a task has been identified as hazardous, controls need to be applied. For complex tasks, analysis may be required to sort out the component parts of what is actually going to be done. This can result in task improvements and risk reduction. A formal technique for doing this is known as job safety analysis, which has developed from work study practices. Essentially, the task is observed, and broken down into steps or stages which are then examined for the level of risk involved (Table 6.1). Control measures are then worked out, and the paperwork is then used to generate a written safe system of work. Naturally, the tasks selected need to be reviewed at intervals to make sure that the analysis and solutions remain valid over time. 

Devise risk elimination or reductions for the hazards identified 

It is very important to involve those actually doing the job in the analysis process. They are likely to have most knowledge of how the job is actually done, and also frequently volunteer practical solutions which may not be evident to those without personal experience of the work. 

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In Chapter 4 we will diseuss the regulatory framework and analyti-eal tools to eonduet these assessments, sueh as JHA (job hazard analysis), job safety analysis (JSA), safety analysis reports, proeess hazard analysis (PHA), and job, task, and hazard analysis. The reader needs to understand that OSHAs view on physieal and ehemieal hazards is far reaehing, as stated in the HAZWOPER standard. Note the following examples. 

You may have heard other terms sueh as job safety analysis (JSA), aetivity hazard analysis (AHA), or task-speeifie hazards analysis (THA). No matter what you eall the term, a job hazard analysis (JHA) is a proeess that ean used to help develop safe work praetiees or proeedures. 

Job Safety Analysis (JSA)—procedure that systematically identifies (1) job steps, (2) specific hazards associated with each job step, and (3) safe job procedures associated with each step to minimize accident potential. Also called job hazard analysis. 

Performing a job safety analysis for each task at confined spaces, for example entry plan, assigned standby persons, communication between workers, rescue procedures, and specified work procedures... 

Number of nonroutine tasks that required a on-the-spot Job safety analysis because there was no preexisting safe work procedure X ... 

Managing occupational safety and health at a household products manufacturer job safety analysis, incentive awards, training, light duty, and communications. For teachers at schools of business administration. 

In addition to the literature on job analysis, there is also a body of work which has focused solely on methods for identifying the hazards and risks associated with a job. As some examples, techniques such as job safety analysis, also referred to as job hazard analysis (Chao and Henshaw 2002), construction job safety analysis (Rozenfeld et al. 2010), and constmction hazard assessment with spatial and temporal exposure (Rosenfeld et al. 2009) have been extensively discussed. These techniques are very useful for safety management, and among other things can be used to generate safety-related information which can be used to determine the essential knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics which are required to perform the job safely. 

Rozenfeld, O., Sacks, R., Rosenfeld, Y., Baum, H. (2010). Construction job safety analysis. 

Job Safety Analysis—A process through which all of the various steps in a job are identified and listed in order. 

Job descriptions/task analysis/job safety analysis (if available) for all operator jobs Process unit emergency response plans (if available)... 

Much is made of the fact that the t) es of accidents resulting in severe injury are different from those resulting in lesser injury. Also, it is established that many severe injuries occur from certain, identifiable high-risk types of activities. A pre-job safety analysis guideline to address the hazards and risks prior to commencing such activities is presented. 

Job Safety Analysis (JSA) or Job Hazard Analysis (JHA), a systematic stndy of work procednres, is ntilized by those firms who desire to identify and control hazards before snch hazards resnlt in injury [p. 120]. 

Safety promotion subteam This subteam s objective is the raising of safety awareness. They would audit and approve safety improvements and track and support the JSA (job safety analysis) efforts. They could also collect the safety observation forms and hold a drawing to select a few winners at all company meetings. Rewards earned through these... 

Numbef of job safety analyses OSAs) completed Job safety analysis exercises are minikaizen events. By targeting a number of them in a period, e.g., 20 JSA events in 2010, a company will guarantee employee engagement and improvement of the safety program. A side benefit of JSAs and safety kaizen blitz events is that the team members identify numerous safety improvements through their efforts. In our facility, those same people would submit the safety improvements for approval, based on the program described in the last section, and receive their rewards. 

JSA Job safety analysis is a detailed review of the safety steps related to a particular work task. The steps are recorded on a standard form that can then be used to train individuals in the best practical safe way to perform their work tasks. This is a proactive method that can help to develop a world-class safety culture. 

Job safety analysis (JSA) A job breakdown that gives a safe, efficient job procedure. 

Again, traditional occupational and industrial safety tools like job safety analysis (JSA) should also be used. 

An operating hazard analysis and/or a job safety analysis should be performed to identify hazards associated with disposal operations. 

The analysis and control of hazards during the disposal phase should be addressed with an operating hazard analysis, a job safety analysis (a occupational and industrial safety tool), and/or change analysis. 

The final hazard analysis to be performed by the SSWG for this end product consists of a review of the disposal or decommissioning plan and a systematic effort to identify, analyze, and control hazards associated with terminating the life cycle for the end product. Techniques could include an OHA or job safety analysis. 

Abbreviations used on the MORT chart include LTA, the most frequently used, which stands for less than adequate DN for did not FT for failed to HAP for hazard analysis process JSA for job safety analysis and finally CS R for code standards and regulations . 

The job safety analysis (JSA) has been a part of the industrial and occupational safety effort for many years. It is basically a method of developing job procedures that includes a systematic task analysis that examines each step of a job or task, the possible hazards associated with each step, and preventive or corrective actions required to ensure a safe operation. The technique may be appropriate to include in a life cycle system safety effort but has not traditionally been considered a system safety analysis. The JSA may be referred to as a job hazard analysis or job task analysis, even though some make distinctions between the approaches. 

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