Registrations

All substances under the scope of REACH which have been produced or imported in quantities above one tonne per year have to be reported to and registered by the Agency. The registration of preparations is not required, as ingredients in preparations above the consideration limit have to be registered as substances as a matter of course. Articles produced or imported in quantities above one tonne per year have to be registered if the substances contained in these articles are likely to be released under normal or reasonably foreseeable conditions of use. 

Following the general principles no data, no market , substances, whether on their own, in preparations, or in articles may not be manufactured in the Community or placed on the market unless they have been registered. To prevent any interruption of production and marketing of substances after the REACH regulation comes into force, probably in 2007, quantity-dependent transition periods were fixed for the so called phase-in substances . 

Pesticides can not be sold in the United States unless they are registered with EPA. Under Section 3 of FIFRA, therefore, EPA operates a premarket 

Facilities The PET center and/or the cyclotron facility must be registered or licensed by the state for the manufacture of PET radiopharmaceuticals. However, the use of PET radiopharmaceuticals is regulated by the NRC or Agreement States. The license for medical use of radiopharmaceuticals is 

A cyclotron is required to be registered with the state since it produces radionuclides. A dedicated PET scanner may or may not be required to be registered in a state depending on the state s statutes on this matter. Many states require a certificate of need (CON) prior to the purchase of a PET scanner, a mobile PET, or a PET/CT scanner. A PET/CT scanner is required to be registered with the state because of the CT unit, since all states require registration of radiation-generating machines. 

For taking the exam, the candidates must have active certification in NMTCB, ARRT(N), and Canadian Association of Medical Radiation Technologists [CAMRT(RTNM)] and 700 h of clinical experience as a certi-fied/registered nuclear medicine technologist working on a dedicated PET scanner or a PET/CT scanner. 

CAMRT(RT), CAMRT(RTT), ARRT(R), or ARRT(T) certificants are eligible to sit for the PET examination if they meet all the three of the following requirements  

Active CAMRT(RTR), CAMRT(RTT), ARRT(R), or ARRT(T) certification. 

In some companies, compoimd registrars also receive and store submitted samples, retrieve them from storage, and distribute them. Sample handling in a compound dispensary entails clerical work weighing quantities of samples or dissolving them to prepare solutions of specified concentrations and repackaging as well as relabeling. 

Ventures in combinatorial chemistry rely heavily on computer technology. It helps produce and deal with the numerous data arising from synthesis and testing of thousands of compounds. These efforts recently created the 

Cheminformatics represents an emerging discipline with varying job titles. Ads, for example, sometimes call for chemometricians to work in a field known as chemometrics. 

Consequently, in this field as in others, job hunters reading help wanted advertisements are well advised to skim the position titles and peruse the job descriptions. 

Safety is the uppermost conceni for patients, physicians, producers, the population at large, the environment, the biosphere and (due to genetic modifications through, for example, gene therapies) also for future generations. 

REACH shifts the moorings of Existing Substances risk reduction from the realm of legislative and administrative policy and strategy to a far greater emphasis on economic stakeholders taking responsibility for their own actions. 

REACH embodies the basic premise that the risks presented by any chemical on the market above a de minimus quantity must be acceptable. The manufacturer or importer must demonstrate that risk reduction measures can adequately manage the human health and environmental risks from exposure to each chemical. Further, REACH provides mechanisms to restrict or ban chemical substances. 

To accomplish its objectives, the regulation runs to over 500 pages of text the guidance documents compiled by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) amount to thousands more. A brief summary of the requirements of REACH follows, beginning with the first step in the regulation of a chemical substance registration. 

REACH requires that manufacturers and importers register all chemical substances manufactured or imported into the European Union in amounts above 1 metric tonne per year. The threshold applies per substance and per manufacturer/importer. Registration requirements can apply to pure chemical substances, substances in mixtures ( preparations ), and certain substances in finished products ( articles ). 

Certain substances are exempt from registration such as  

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Mechanical stretch tests were made with the speed of (0,3-3,0) 10" m/s and with the simultaneous registration of the AE signals. Number of the AE impulses (Nl ) and AE amplitude (A) were selected as the measurable parameters of the AE. 

The layer width is taken from the relation d > 1,5 dg, where dg - thickness of a gas discharge gap. The employment of a resistive layer instead of electrode profiling can significantly simplify the device manufacture. The UV radiation is efficiently converted into a visible one by a number of photo-luminophors, e.g. Zn2Si04 Mn. For stroboscopic registration of fast-proceeding processes the luminophors with short period of luminescence are used, e.g anthracene etc. 

Besides standard designs special GDC designs have been developed for registration of charge patterns upon the electrostatic paper with thermoplastic potential layers with an input semiconductor target, with a microchannel plate at the input and so on. The GDC design provided the basis for series production of GDC with maximum dimensions (500 x 600 mm ) and a service life above 5000 hours. 

Laminographical approaches can be used for layer-by-layer visualization of the internal microstructure for the flat objects (multilayers, PCBs etc.), that caimot be reconstructed by computerized tomography because of the limited possibilities in rotation. Depth and lateral spatial resolutions are limited by the tube, camera and rotation accuracy. Microfocus X-ray tubes and digital registration techniques with static cameras allow improving resolution. Precision object manipulations and more effective distortion corrections can do further improvement. 

It can be concluded, that indications with lengths of more than about 1.5 mm can be detected with high probability (100%). This confirms with the recommended smallest acceptance level (optimum conditions) of 1.5 mm (registration level) in various product standards (e g. as [10]). It is self evident that smaller indications (1 = 0.6 mm) will be detected too, but the correlations explained above, clearely indicates a decreasing probability of detection with decreasing length of indications. 

With the reference block method the distance law of a model reflector is established experimentally prior to each ultrasonic test. The reference reflectors, mostly bore holes, are drilled into the reference block at different distances, e.g. ASME block. Prior to the test, the reference reflectors are scanned, and their maximised echo amplitudes are marked on the screen of the flaw detector. Finally all amplitude points are connected by a curve. This Distance Amplitude Curve (DAC) serves as the registration level and exactly shows the amplitude-over-distance behaviour" of the reference reflector for the probe in use. Also the individual characteristics of the material are automatically considered. However, this curve may only be applied for defect evaluation, in case the reference block and the test object are made of the same material and have undergone the same heat treatment. As with the DGS-Method, the value of any defect evaluation does not consider the shape and orientation of the defect. The reference block method is safe and easy to apply, and the operator need not to have a deep understanding about the theory of distance laws. 

Now, also the coordinates of DGS curves are described also as group of points P (A, sJ. In both cases, the curve represents the registration level for defect evaluation, and, as far as the required evaluation result is concerned, any required value may be automatically calculated by the system and displayed digitally on the screen. Fig. 3. 

The difference in gain AV (between the recording curve and the reference point) which is necessary to adjust the specified registration curve with its maximum at 80% screen height ... 

The reference gain and the additional gain are determined from the stored DOS diagram by the system and therefore not accessible by the operator. The sum of both is known as the registration sensitivity 65, = -t AV . 

Even now the operator should be able to change the instrument sensitivity, e.g. to evaluate an echo which exceeds the upper limit of the screen, or which is too small, or simply to follow the mles of the test specification requiring a so-called search sensitivity. Even after changing the gain, any echo evaluation will be correct, since the registration curve will be adjusted automatically to always maintain the correct relationship between the defect echo and the registration curve. 

The use of the surface ultrasonic waves seems to be convenient for these purposes. However, this method has not found wide practical application. Peculiarities of excitation, propagation and registration of surface waves created before these time great difficulties for their application in automatic systems of duality testing. It is connected with the fact that the surface waves are weakened by soil on the surface itself In addition, the methods of testing by the surface waves do not yield to automation due to the difficulties of creation of the acoustic contact. In particular, a flow of contact liquid out of the zone of an acoustic line, presence of immersion liquid, availability of chink interval leads to the adsorption and reflection of waves on tlie front meniscus of a contact layer. The liquid for the acoustic contact must be located only in the places of contact, otherwise the influence on the amplitude will be uncontrolled. This phenomenon distorts the results of testing procedure. 

Structure of installation enter the source-receiver of acoustic oscillations, block of ultrasonic transducers, system of scanning, control system engines, block of the analysis and registration. 

The electronic block, which includes block of the analysis and registration and control system engines, and block of the source-receiver of acoustic oscillations are universal for any installations of this type. As the source-receiver of acoustic oscillations the ultrasonic flow detector is usually use. It s, as a rule, the serial devices for example y/f2-12. The electronic block contains the microprocessor device or PC, device of the power supply and management of engines... 

This electrical field potential is measured by means of portable millivoltmeter with high input resistance. The field registration is carried out in the mountain areas at the distance of 5 km and more, at the same time the minimal gradient value is about 10 mV/km. 

In doing this the problems may arise if one person alone manages several processes, i.e. if his activity embraces a number of functions (as may be especially typical for NDT). It is better if each process is assigned to a specialist responsible for it. For example, persons responsible for the technical state of NDT equipment, for metrological confirmation of NDT facilities, for standards on testing, for NDT results registration, etc. 

The method is based on the international standard ISO 4053/IV. A small amount of the radioactive tracer is injected instantaneously into the flare gas flow through e.g. a valve, representing the only physical interference with the process. Radiation detectors are mounted outside the pipe and the variation of tracer concentration with time is recorded as the tracer moves with the gas stream and passes by the detectors. A control, supply and data registration unit including PC is used for on site data treatment... 

Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. In all instances where John Wiley Sons, Tnc, is aware of a claim, the product names appear in initial capital or allcapttal letters, Readers, however, should contact the appropriate companies for more complete information regarding trademarks and registration. 

For database handling it is necessary to compare existing database entries with new ones. Consequently, database registration and retrieval are dependent on isomorphism algorithms which compare two graphs or structure diagrams to determine whether subgraphs are identical or not. 

Hash coding is an established method in computer science, e.g., in registration procedures [94, 95. In chemoinformatics the structure input occurs as a sequence of characters (names) or numbers (which may also be obtained, e.g., from a connection table (see Section 2.4) by conversion of a structure drawing). Both names and numbers may be quite large and may not be usable as an address... 

S. Welford, C. Jochum, Chemical stmcture registration for Beilstein Online, in Chem. Stmct. 2, Proc. 2nd Int. Conf, 1993, pp. 161-170. 

A manufacturer of dmg chemicals is required to register with the FDA, and is subject to FDA inspection at least once every two years. Some manufacturers who make chemicals that incidentally are dmgs are impelled to drop the dmg designation from their labeling in order to avoid the exposure to inspection that registration entails. 

A Processor s Guide to Establishment, Registration and Process Filingfor Acidified and Eow Acid CannedFoods, FDA, HHS pubhcation 80-2126, U.S. Department of Health Human Services, Washington, D.C., 1980. 

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