Registration Methods

In this section, we will provide a brief overview of the different models and metrics, but will leave the optimization methods for further reading. Substantive reviews of image registration can be found from several sources, and the interested reader is encouraged to read these for details. 

A least-squares optimization solution is then required to find the transformation, T, such that the set of points are mapped using T so that they match as closely as possible to the set of points, B  

Singular value decomposition methods can be used to solve this minimization problem. The final transformation matrix, T, has the form  

When corresponding fixed points are not available, several alternative methods of rigid registration are still available. 

Iterative closest point When dealing with two sets of point clouds with no matched correspondences, an iterative closest point can be used to rigidly 

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Of course, high reactivity of ion-radicals dictates some complexity in the registration methods, such as stop-flow spectroscopy or isolation of ion-radicals by capillary electrophoresis. Whereas stop-flow spectroscopy is used more or less frequently, capillary electrophoresis has been involved only in recent times. Choosing the appropriate capillary length, a researcher can isolate and register UV spectra of relatively less-stable ion-radicals. When the interaction of the corresponding... 

In this section we will discuss three of the more common methods used to collect human movement data electrogoniometers, electromagnetic tracking devices, and optoelectronic measuring systems. Of these distinctly different measuring tools, optoelectronic systems are the most common registration method, and therefore most of this section will focus on video-based motion analysis. 

Grimson, W. E. L., et al., An automatic registration method for fiameless stereotaxy, image guided surgery and enhanced reality visualization, IEEE Trans, on Medical Imaging, 1996,15(2) 129-140. 

With regard to interaction, the registration methods can be categorized as ... 

Zylka W, Sabczynski J (1999) Effect of localization devices and registration methods on the accuracy of stereotactic frame systems predicted by the Gaussian approach. Comput Aided Surg 4(2) 77-86... 

Here we present several commercially available robots used for surgical tool positioning, which we classify on the basis of the used registration method. The registration defines the geometrical transformation between the preoperative plan and the intraoperative environment in which the task is defined. 

P Markelj et al, "A review of 3D/2D registration methods for image-guided interventions," Med. Image Analysis, 16(3) 642-661,2012. 

Zitova, B., and Flusser, J. "Image registration methods A survey." Image and Vision Computing... 

The term double resonance as used in this section covers experiments where rf or microwave transitions within laser-optically excited short-lived (in contrast to metastable) states are detected via changes of the intensity, polarization, or wavelength of the reemitted fluorescence rather than via their influence on the population of the level to which the excited species decays. The short lifetime of the excited state of typically t = 10" sec excludes experimental schemes in which a certain excited state population has to survive for a longer period of time for example, probing the signal with another laser beam in a second interaction region is impossible as well as nonoptical registration methods. 

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