Analysis liquid chromatography

Isotope fractionation between the vapor phase and the dissolved aqueous phase has been studied only for toluene and trichloroethylene (carbon only [545, 690]). Fractionation associated with adsorption has been quantified only for toluene in regard to sample extraction using a poly(dimethylsilo-xane)-coated solid-phase microextraction fiber [373] and qualified for benzene, toluene, and ethylbenzene based on high-pressure liquid chromatography analyses of isotopically labeled and unlabeled compounds (carbon and hydrogen [692]). Isotope fractionation associated with the reductive dechlorination of chlorinated ethylenes by zero-valent iron and zinc has been... 

Bultreys A, Gheysen I, Wathelet B, Maraite H, de Hoffman E (2003) High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Analyses of Pyoverdin Siderophores Differentiate among Phyto-pathogenic Fluorescent Pseudomonas Species. Appl Environ Microbiol 69 1143 and unpublished material... 

Figure 2 Contour plot of the comprehensive normal-phase x reversed-phase liquid chromatography analyses of carotenoids present in red orange juice with peaks and compound classes indicated. Reproduced from P. Dugo V. Skerikova T. Kumm A. Trozzi P. Jandera L. Mondello, Anal. Chem. 2006, 78, 7743-7750.

Gruszecki WI, Matula M, Ko-chi N, Koyama Y and Krupa Z (1997) Cis-trans isomerization of violaxanthin in LHCII violaxanthin isomerization within the violaxanthin cycle. Biochim Biophys Acta 1319 267-274 Hashimoto H and Koyama Y (1988) Time-resolved Raman spectroscopy of triplet y3-carotene produced from all-trans, 7-is, 13-cis and 15-cis isomers and high-pressure liquid chromatography analyses ofphotoisomerisation via the triplet state. J Phys Chem 92 2101-2108 Hashimoto H and Koyama Y (1989a) Raman spectra of all-trans /3-carotene in the SI and T1 states produced by direct photoexcitation. Chem Phys Lett 163 251-256 Hashimoto H and Koyama Y (1989b) The C=C stretching Raman lines of/3-carotene isomers in the S state as detected by pump-probe resonance Raman spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lett 154 321-325... 

One of the great advantages of mass spectrometry is that it can work with extremely small samples, less than 10 of a mole. It is often used coupled to a gas-liquid chromatography analyser, and the separated fractions are run automatically into the mass spectrometer. It is particularly valuable for the study of biological samples. 

Liquid chromatography Analyses of chlorogenic acids are carried out with reversed-phase LC systems, both in gradient and isocratic modes. The typical analytical system employs Cig columns of 5 pm packing, with a mobile-phase gradient of 25-47.5% methanol in pH 2.5 citrate buffer (0.025 mol 1 ), or isocratic elution with 30% methanol in pH 2.5 citrate buffer (0.025 mol 1 ), with UV detection at 310-330 nm. 

Figure 4.3 High-performance liquid chromatography analyses of the DCL made from dithiols (a) in the absence of any template, (b) in the presence of 4 inducing the amplification of host 6, and (c) in the presence of morphine derivative 5 leading to the amplification of host 7.

FIGURE 7.13 Contour plot of the comprehensive high-performance liquid chromatography analyses of carotenoids present in sweet orange essential oil with peaks and compound classes indicated (for peak identi-cation, see Ref. [136]). (From Dugo, P. et al.. Anal Chem., 78, 7743, 2006. With permission.)... 

Gas liquid chromatography. Analyses were carried out with a Hewlett Packard Model 5750 gas chromatograph equipped with a Flame Ionization Detector. For halogenated derivatives a Perkin Elmer Model F 30 gas chromatograph equipped with a %i electron capture detector was used. The column consisted of a glass tube (90 cm x 6 ram ID) packed with 100-120 mesh Gas-chrom Q (Applied Science Lab., State College, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.) coated with 3% U.C.W.98. 

Frenkel, K., Zhong, Z., Wei, H., Karkoszka, J., Patel, U., Rashid, K., Georgescu, M. and Solomon, J.J. (1991). Quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of DNA oxidized in vitro and in vivo. Anal. Biochem. 196, 126-136. 

Gennaro, M. C., Bertolo, P. L., and Marengo, E., Determination of aromatic amines at trace levels by ion interaction reagent reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Analysis of hair dyes and other water-soluble... 

Passarelli, R. J. and Jacobs, E. S., High-pressure liquid chromatography analysis of dyes and intermediates, ]. Chromatogr. Sci., 13, 153, 1975. 

Herraiz, T., Sample preparation and reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography analysis of food-derived peptides, Analytica Chimica Acta, 352, 119, 1997. 

Mangani, F., Luck, G., Fraudeau, C., Verette, E. (1997). Online column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of cardiovascular drugs in serum with automated sample clean-up and zone-cutting technique to perform chiral separation. J. Chromatogr. A 762, 235-241. 

Chang, T. Recent Advances in Liquid Chromatography Analysis of Synthetic Polymers. Vol. 163, pp. 1-60. 

Lee [73] studied the stability of miconazole on dry heating in vegetable oils. Miconazole was stable when subjected to dry heat (160 °C for 90 min) in either peanut or castor oil as determined by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. Thus, ophthalmic preparations of miconazole can be prepared in peanut or castor oil with dry heat sterilization without the loss of the drug due to degradation. The procedure also facilitates quick and easy dissolution of the drug in the oil base. 

Baker et al. [138] studied the excretion of metabolites in bile following the administration of primaquine in rats. Six metabolites of primaquine were found in the bile of rats. Quantitative high performance liquid chromatography analysis of the metabolites revealed that the sum of the six metabolites excreted in the bile represented quantitative recovery of the dose of primaquine. 

Ni et al. [143] investigated the profile of the major metabolites of primaquine produced by in vitro liver microsomal metabolism, with silica gel thin-layer and high performance liquid chromatography analysis. Results indicated that the liver microsomal metabolism could simultaneously produce both 5-hydroxyprimaquine (quinoline ring oxidation product) and carboxyprimaquine (side-chain oxidative deamination product). However, the quantitative comparative study of microsomal metabolism showed that the production of 5-hydroxyprimaquine was far much higher than that of carboxyprimaquine. 

What designation of purity is used for solvents that are appropriate for spectrophotometric analysis Liquid chromatography analysis ... 

LeGatt D. 1988. High performance liquid chromatography analysis. Neuromethods 10. Analysis of Psychiatric Drugs. Boulton AA, Baker GB, Coutts RT, editors. Clifton, NJ Humana Press pp. 155-202. 

The method of solvent extraction/liquid chromatography analysis of relatively large and thin samples (10 — 15 fim layer on a glass disc with a diameter of 40 mm, sample weight 15 — 20 mg) has been described in a previous publication (14). 

By gas-liquid chromatography analysis. In all reactions, 2-alkylpyridine was not obtained. 

The ethyl acetate phases of 8 hrs and NADH-FAD-mannitol samples were inspected by gas-liquid chromatography analysis for detection of metabolites (hydroxylated and/or carboxylated) by treatment with TMS-derivatization agent or diazomethane. By comparing the spectra of all cofactor-treated samples to zero time control and autoclaved 8 hrs control spectra, 6 possible metabolic products were indicated and retention times noted (Table 7). 

Stewart AJ, Mullen W, Crozier A. On-line high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds in green and black tea. Molecular Nutrition Food Research. 2005 49(1) 52-60. 

Grosjean, D Liquid Chromatography Analysis of Chloride and Nitrate with Negative Ultraviolet Detection Ambient Levels and Relative Abundance of Gas-Phase Inorganic and Organic Acids in Southern California, Environ. Sci. Technol, 24, 77-81 (1990). 

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