Chromatography high pressure liquid

High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography.- A new europlum-impregnated 

A study of the mechanism by which carbohydrates are retained on silica and amine-bonded silica stationary phases with aqueous eluants has confirmed previous findings that the carbohydrates are partitioned into a stagnant, water-rich phase associated with the stationary phase (c.f. Vol.16, p.253). Differing retentions of sugars could be explained in terms of specific sugar-hydroxyl hydration, e.g. secondary-equatorial hydroxy groups are more 

Reducing-sugars, separated on amine-bonded silica, have been determined by post-column reaction with copper bis(phenanthroline) and amperometric detection (in which the reduced copper complex is re-oxidized). The method was compatible with organic eluants, could detect down to 1 ng of glucose, and was applied without 

Reasonably rapid separations of complex mixtures of mono- and di- 

The retention of sugars, sugar alcohols, amino acids, and hy-droxyacids on polystyrene-based cation-exchange resins has been examined as a function of the counter-ion. Retention of polyhydroxy lie compounds decreased in the order K Na Li, due to decreas- 

High Pressure Liquid Chromatography.- Reviews on the analysis of sugars by h.p.l.c., in which packings and detection techniques are discussed (258 refs.), and on the advantages and limitations of several separation and detection techniques for sugars, including 

Post-column derivatlzation of reducing sugars with ethylene-diamine in a weakly alkaline medium at 150°C generates compounds detectable down to 1 pmol by electrochemical oxidation. This procedure was recommended over an earlier reaction involving 2- 

The separation of common mono- and dl-saccharldes by h.p.l.c. on vlnylpyrldlnium polymers bearing N-H, N-methyl or N-butyl moieties and a variety of counterions has been investigated. Best results 

D- and L-Cymarose, which co-occur in certain natural glycosides, have been resolved following sequential methanolysis and -carbamoylation (with 3,5-dlnitrophenylisocyanate), on a Sumipax OA-1000 column (presumably with a chiral phase), although only the 

Useful separations of oligosaccharides have been achieved using reversed-phase h.p.l.c. Malto-oligosaccharldes were separated up to DP 9 with water as eluent, better resolution being attained at lower temperatures (down to 5°C). Retention was significantly influenced by silica pore size and alkyl chain length, decreasing 

High Pressure Liquid Chromatography.—Reverse phase h.p.l.c. using octadecyl bonded groups has been developed for the rapid and efficient separation of nucleosides, nucleotides, and protected oligonucleotides on both analytical and preparative scales.  

High Pressure Liquid Chromatography.- A novel chemiluminescence detector has been described which selectively detects oxygen-containing compounds (examples included fructose and sucrose). It relies upon anthraquinonedlsulphonate-sensitlzed photooxygenation to produce hydrogen peroxide which is then quantitated by way of a 

A novel paired-ion chromatographic system for monosaccharides involved a reversed phase column eluted with a methanol-aqueous borate buffer containing methylene blue sugars at submlcrogram levels (especially fructose) form ionic complexes with borate which then pair with the dye, resulting in improved separation and detection.  

D-xylose, while dansyl hydrazone derivatives have been shown to 

Gangllosldes, fractionated by the number of sialic acid residues 

A sensitive ion-pair reversed phase determination of L-ascorbic 

Applications of h.p.l.c. to benzoyl derivatives of alditols, glycosides, amino-sugars, aldoses, and alditols has been examined the presence of benzoyl groups has the advantage that u.v. detection methods can be used, and indeed a method for the simultaneous determination of picomole levels of gluco- and galacto-cerebrosides involves benzoylation followed by h.p.l.c.Similarly, tritiated mannitol and fucitol were easily separated after O-benzoylation.  

Kumanotani, R. Oshima, Y. Yamauchi, N. Takai, and Y. Kurosu, J. Chromatogr., 1979, 

Structural factors which govern rate of elution of drugs from HPLC columns 

Control of elution rate of ionisable compounds by adjustment of the pH of the mobile phase 

Applications of HPLC to the quantitative analysis of drugs in formulations 

Analyses based on calibration with an external standard 

Analysis of paracetamol tablets using a calibration curve 

Carbohydrate Chemistry, Volume 30 The Royal Society of Chemistry, 1998 

A novel and very sensitive procedure for determining the absolute configuration of sugars involving an HPLC procedure operating on a picamole scale involved making the derivatives 1 by use of a resolved acid which was coupled with a peracetylated glycosyl chloride.  

High pH anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) has been applied to the separation of neutral V-linked oligosaccharides, oligosaccharides derivatized by p-nitrobenzylhydroxylamine and various D-mannose derivatives. In the last case the relationship between retention times and structure was examined.  

This newer technique has been successfully applied to furano-coumarins from spring parsley 564). 

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HPLC High pressure liquid chromatography. Hudson s isorotadon rule For a pair of sugars... 

Practical inlet systems for attaching a high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) column to a mass spectrometer utilize atmospheric-pressure ionization (see Chapters 8 and 11). 

High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) is simply a variant on LC in which the moving liquid stream is forced along under high pressure to obtain greater efficiency of separation. 

LC, or sometimes HPLC (high-pressure liquid chromatography), is a means of separating components of mixtures by passing them in a solvent through a chromatographic column so that they emerge sequentially. 

GD/IRMS. glow discharge isotope ratio mass spectrometry HPLC. high-pressure liquid chromatography... 

High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. This modem version of the classical column chromatography technique is also used successfully for separation and quantitative analysis of dyes. It is generally faster than thin-layer or paper chromatography however, it requires considerably more expensive equipment. Visible and uv photometers or spectrophotometers are used to quantify the amounts of substances present. 

High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a variant of the simple column technique, based on the discovery that chromatographic separations are vastly improved if the stationary phase is made up of very small, uniformly sized spherical particles. Small particle size ensures a large surface area for better adsorption, and a uniform spherical shape allows a tight, uniform packing of particles. In practice, coated Si02 microspheres of 3.5 to 5 fxm diameter are often used. 

Using IR spectroscopy and NMR, one can analyze the chemical structure of PA. The molecular weight and molecular weight distribution can be analyzed by endgroup analysis, viscometry, and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The crystalline order can be analyzed by WAXS, small-angle X-ray spectroscopy... 

Bijlsma L, Sancho JV, Pitarch E, Ibanez M, Hernandez F (2009) Simultaneous ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry determination of amphetamine and amphetamine-like stimulants, cocaine and its metabolites, and a cannabis metabolite in surface water and urban wastewater. J Chromatogr A 1216(15) 3078-3089... 

Castiglioni S, Bagnati R, Calamari D, Fanelli R, Zuccato E (2005) A multiresidue analytical method using solid-phase extraction and high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to measure pharmaceuticals of different therapeutic classes in urban waste-waters. J Chromatogr A 1092 206-215... 

The stationary phase matrices used in classic column chromatography are spongy materials whose compress-ibihty hmits flow of the mobile phase. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) employs incompressible silica or alumina microbeads as the stationary phase and pressures of up to a few thousand psi. Incompressible matrices permit both high flow rates and enhanced resolution. HPLC can resolve complex mixtures of Upids or peptides whose properties differ only slightly. Reversed-phase HPLC exploits a hydrophobic stationary phase of... 

Brown, P.R. "High Pressure Liquid Chromatography, Biochemical and Biomedical Applications", Academic Press, New York, 1973. 

Studies by Hudson et al, (2000) have demonstrated the presence of eight polyphenols in rice bran by using high-pressure liquid chromatography. They are protocatechuic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, sinapic aci vanillic acid, caffeic acid, which is a methoxycirmamic acid derivative, and tricin. The effect of these polyphenols on cell viability and on the colony-forming ability of human-derived MDA MB 468 and HBL 100 breast cells, colon-derived SW 480 and human colonic epithelial cells was assessed. These authors concluded that rice bran polyphenols have putative cancer chemopreventive properties. 

During, A. et al., Assay of P-carotene 15,15-dioxygenase activity by reverse phase high-pressure liquid chromatography, Anal. Biochem., 241, 199, 1996. 

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