Perkin Elmer, Inc

Figure 25 Total ion chromatogram (pyrogram) of PVC. Reproduced with permission from Wampler [71]. 2005, Perkin Elmer, Inc.

Fig. 51. Schematic diagram of a flow system for gas chromatography. From Perkin Elmer Inc.

Figure 2.15 Schematic diagram of electro-thermal vaporisation apparatus suitable for attachment to ICP-OES. (Reproduced by kind permission copyright 1999-2008, all rights reserved, Perkin Elmer, Inc.)...

Figure 7.23 Analysis for Mg, K, Ca, P, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn using the radial mode of the dual radial/axial ICP-OES system. (The final solution was between 0.5 and 10.0ppm metal.) Results obtained using a Perkin Elmer 2100DV ICP-OES. (Reproduced with kind permission copyright 1999-2008, all rights reserved, Perkin Elmer, Inc.)...

Figure 2.49 The Optima 5300 ICP-OES instrument (Reproduced by permission of Perkin Elmer Inc.).

Headspace and thermal desorption are thermal extraction methods which can be directly connected to gas chromatography and do not need additional sample preparation. Usually both methods are applied for the determination of volatile compounds in air and water. Only few applications are known for the direct treatment of soil samples. The investigations for analysis of phenylarsenic compounds were carried out with an Headspace Sampler HS40 (Perkin-Elmer Inc.) and a Thermal desorption system TDS 2 (Gerstel GmbH, Germany). 

A more recent step to speed up DSC was taken in connection with a commercial power-compensation DSC (High Performance DSC) [6] and is now available as HyperDSC from the Perkin-Elmer Inc. It is claimed to reach 500 K min. For a pan of a diameter of 5 mm, the heating rates calculated in Fig. A. 10.1 corresponds to sample masses of 20, 2, and 0.2 mg, showing that it is the heating and cooling capacity of the DSC that limits fast calorimetry, not the properties of the sample. 

Figure 4.26. Schematic layout of Perkin-Elmer PEDR accessory Mi — double-sided mirror M2, Ms, Ms, Me — plane mirrors M4 — ellipsoidal mirror. Courtesy of Perkin-Elmer, Inc.

Differential thermal analysis (DTA) n. An analytical method in which the specimen material and an inert substance are heated concurrently in separate minipans and the difference in temperature between the two is recorded, along with the temperature of the inert substance (Gooch, 1997). DTA has been useful in the study of phase transitions and curing and degradation reactions in polymers. An example of a DTA thermogram is shown. An example of a DTA instrument is the Perkin-Elmer Diamond TG/DTA (courtesy of Perkin-Elmer Inc, New York). 

Dynamic mechanical analyzer n. An instrument that can test in an oscillating-flexural mode over a range of temperature and frequency to provide estimates of the real , i.e., in-phase, and imaginary , i.e., out-of-phase parts of the complex modulus. The real part is the elastic component, the imaginary part is the loss component. The square root of the sum of their squares is the complex modulus. With polymers, the components and the modulus are usually dependent on both temperature and frequency. ASTM D 4065 spells out the standard practice for reporting dynamic mechanical properties of plastics. An example of a DMA thermogram of different Perkin-Elmer Inc., manufactures the Diamond DMA instrument. Polymer films is shown. Sepe MP (1998) Dynamic mechanical analysis. Plastics Design Library, Norwich, New York. 

Acknowledgment. This work was supported by the SZDC s Presidential Young Investigator Award from the National Science Foundation (DMR-9175538). The generous donation of a DSC-7 from Perkin Elmer Inc. is also greatly appreciated. 

The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were recorded on a Spectrum One KY (Perkin Elmer, Inc., Waltham, MA) system coupled with a mercury-cadmium-tellurium (MCT) detector. The incident angle of the p-polarized infrared... 

Fig. 20. Echelle mounting in optical set-up for CCD-ICP-OES (Optima) (Perkin Elmer Inc.).

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