Liquid chromatography -photodiode array analysis

Theodoridis, G. Papadoyannis, I. Vasilikiotis, G. Tsoukali-Papadopoulou, H. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode-array analysis of alkaloid drugs of forensic interest. J.Chromatogr.B, 1995, 668, 253-263 [also amphetamine, bamifylline, caffeine, cocaine, codeine, dia-morphine, ethylmorphine, flufenamic acid, methadone, morphine, nalorphine, norcodeine, papaverine, quinine, scopolamine, strychnine, theobromine, theophylline, tolfenamic acid]... 

A.N. Assimopoulou, I. Karapanagiotis, A. Vasiliou, S. Kokkini and V.P. Papageorgiou, Analysis of alkannin derivatives from Alkanna species by high performance liquid chromatography/ photodiode array/mass spectrometry, Biomed. Chromatogr., 20, 1359 1374 (2006). 

Revilla E and Ryan JM. 2000. Analysis of several phenolic compounds with potential antioxidant properties in grape extracts and wines by high-performance liquid chromatography—photodiode array detection without sample preparation. J Chromatogr 881(1-2) 461 169. 

D1 (10,17S-docosatriene) from DHA using tandem liquid chromatography-photodiode array-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-PDA-ESI-MS-MS)-based lipidomic analysis have been documented in ischemic brain [4] and retinal pigment epithelium [5], This new lipid is called neuroprotectin D1 (1) because of its neuro-protectiveproperties in brain ischemia-reperfusion [4] and in oxidative stress-challenged retinal pigment epithelial cells [5] (2) because of its potent ability to inactivate proapoptotic signaling (see apoptosis, Ch. 35) [5] and (3) because it is the first identified neuroprotective mediator derived from DHA. 

Luo, X., Chen, B., Yao, S., and Zeng, J. 2003. Simultaneous analysis of caffeic acid derivatives and alkamides in roots and extracts of Echinacea purpurea by high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection-electrospray mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 986, 73-81. 

H.R. Keller and D.L. Massart, Peak purity control in liquid-chromatography with photodiode array detection by fixed size moving window evolving factor analysis. Anal. Chim. Acta, 246 (1991) 379-390. 

M.J.P. Gerritsen, H. Tanis, B.G.M. Vandeginste and G. Kateman, Generalized rank annihilation factor analysis, iterative target transformation factor analysis and residual bilinearization for the quantitative analysis of data from liquid-chromatography with photodiode array detection. Anal. Chem., 64 (1992) 2042-2056. 

B. Buchele, T. Simmet, Analysis of 12 different pentacyclic triterpenic acids from frankincense in human plasma hy high performance liquid chromatography and photodiode array detection, Journal of Chromatography B, 795, 355 362 (2003). 

Cuyckens F and Claeys M. 2002. Optimization of a liquid chromatography method based on simultaneous electrospray ionization mass spectrometric and ultraviolet photodiode array detection for analysis of flavonoid glycosides. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 16(24) 2341—2348. 

Chan HK, Carr GP. Evaluation of a photodiode array detector for the verification of peak homogeneity in high-performance liquid-chromatography. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 8, 271-277, 1990. 

Justesen, U., Knuthsen, P., and Leth, T., Quantitative analysis of flavonols, flavones, and flava-nones in fruits, vegetables and beverages by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array and mass spectrometric detection, J. Chromatogr. A, 799, 101, 1998. 

Reverse-phase columns with a gradient elution in combination with UV-Vis spectrophotometers using photodiode-array (PDA) (Fig. 1.6) and spectrofiuorimeters are common devices employed in this technique. In a lesser extent, MS, tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS), and nano liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-nanoESI-Q-qTOF-MS-MS) has been used as detection system. This instrumentation has been mainly used in the analysis of dyes and proteinaceous media, and in some extent, in the analysis of drying oils and terpenoid varnishes [47,48],... 

Confirmatory analysis of suspected liquid chromatographic peaks is usually accomplished by a photodiode array detector that continuously collects spectral data during the chromatographic separation and further compares the spectrum (200-550 nm) of the eluted suspected compound with that of a standard (37, 38, 66, 161, 163, 166-168, 178, 180, 181). Online absorbance ratio techniques combined witlr off-line thin-layer chromatography have been also reported (171). Although tliese confirmation techniques are relatively simple, their sensitivity is not generally adequate to identify trace levels of residual nitrofurans in edible animal products. 

To confirm anticoccidials in liquid chromatography-based methodologies, the photodiode array detector, which collects continuous spectral data during the analysis to check for interfering substances by comparing the spectrum of the sample witli that of tlie standard, has been used (66,379,385). Although confirmation with a photodiode array detector is simple, specificity and sensitivity are not sufficient to determine or identify trace levels of residual anticoccidials in edible animal products. 

Tentative confirmation of suspected liquid chromatographic peaks has been achieved in the analysis of carazolol and seven sedatives in swine kidney, by using photodiode-array detection in the wavelengUi range of 220-320 nm. It was reported (526) that further identification could be made possible if the corresponding fractions of the eluate were submitted off-line to two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. 

Mullen W, Boitier A, Stewart AJ, Crozier A. 2004. Flavonoid metabolites in human plasma and urine after the consumption of red onions Analysis by liquid chromatography with photodiode array and full scan tandem mass spectrometric detection. J Chromatogr A 1058 163-168. 

Seotter, M.J. Wilson, L.A. Appleton, G.P. Castle, L. 1998. Analysis of aimatto Bixa Orellana) food eoloring formulations. 1. Determination of eoloring components and colored thermal degradation produets by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array deteetion. J. Agrie. Food Chem. 46 1031-1038. 

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