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Ophthalmic preparations

Ophthalmic Dosage Forms. Ophthalmic preparations can be solutions, eg, eye drops, eyewashes, ointments, or aqueous suspensions (30). They must be sterile and any suspended dmg particles must be of a very fine particle size. Solutions must be particle free and isotonic with tears. Thus, the osmotic pressure must equal that of normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride) solution. Hypotonic solutions are adjusted to be isotonic by addition of calculated amounts of tonicity adjusters, eg, sodium chloride, boric acid, or sodium nitrate. [Pg.234]

Most polymyxin B sold for human use in the United States is in dermatological, otic, and ophthalmic preparations that usually contain one or more other spectmm extending antibacterials such as bacitracin, neomycin sulfate [1404-04-2], C23H4gNg023, linear gramicidin, oxytetracycline [79-57-2],... [Pg.148]

When a -adrenergic blocking ophthalmic preparation, such as timolol, is administered to patients with glaucoma, it is important to insist that they have periodic follow-up examinations by an ophthalmologist. At these examinations, the intraocular pressure should be measured to determine the effectiveness of drug therapy. [Pg.217]

Discuss the general actions, uses, adverse reactions, contraindications, precautions, and interactions of otic and ophthalmic preparations. [Pg.616]

Discuss important preadministration and ongoing assessment activities the nurse should perform on a patient receiving otic and ophthalmic preparations. [Pg.616]

List some nursing diagnoses particular to a patient taking an otic or ophthalmic preparation. [Pg.616]

Discuss ways to promote an optimal response to therapy, how to administer the preparations, and important points to keep in mind when educating patients about the use of otic or ophthalmic preparations. [Pg.616]

Most of the drug classifications used to treat ophthalmic conditions have been discussed in previous chapters. The following sections provide a short sum-maiy of these classifications and their implications in ophthalmic use. When appropriate the student is referred to the specific chapter where additional information can be found. The Summary Drug Table Select Ophthalmic Preparations provides examples of the drugs used to treat ophthalmic problems. [Pg.620]

The incidence of adverse reactions associated with the ophthalmic drags is usually small. Because small amounts of the ophthalmic preparation may be absorbed systemically, some of the adverse effects associated with systemic administration of the particular drug may be observed. Some ophthalmic preparations produce momentary stinging or burning on instillation. [Pg.620]

Antibiotics possess antibacterial activity and are used in the treatment of eye infections. Sulfonamides possess a bacteriostatic effect against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. They are used in the treatment of conjunctivitis, comeal ulcer, and other superficial infections of the eye. See the Summary Drug Table Select Ophthalmic Preparations and Chapter 6 for additional information on the sulfonamides. [Pg.625]

Inactive ingredients may be found in some preparations. Examples of these drugs include preservatives, antioxidants, which prevent deterioration of the product, and drugs that slow drainage of the drug from the eye into the tear duct. Examples of the types of eye preparations are found in the Summary Drug Table Select Ophthalmic Preparations. [Pg.626]

Adverse reactions associated with administration of the corticosteroid ophthalmic preparations include elevated IOP with optic nerve damage, loss of visual acuity, cataract formation, delayed wound healing, secondary ocular infection, exacerbation of comeal infections, dry eyes, ptosis, blurred vision, discharge, ocular pain, foreign body sensation, and pruritus. [Pg.627]

The corticosteroid ophthalmic preparations are contraindicated in patients with acute superficial heq es simplex keratitis, fungal disease of the eye, or viral diseases of the eye, and after removal of a superficial comeal foreign body. [Pg.629]

Educating the Patient and Famiiy The patient or a family member will require instruction in die technique of instilling an ophthalmic preparation (see Home Care Checklist Instilling an Ophthalmic Preparation). In addition, die nurse may give the following information to die patient and family member when an eye ointment or solution is prescribed ... [Pg.631]

The patient demonstrates the ability to instill an ophthalmic preparation in eye. [Pg.631]

If more than one type of ophthalmic preparation is being instilled, waits the recommended time interval before instilling the second drug (usually 5 minutes for drops and 10-15 minutes for ointment). [Pg.632]

Unit XI consists of three chapters that discusses types of drugs not previously discussed or that are not members of a particular class or group. Chapters in this unit include topical drugs used in the treatment of skin disorders, otic and ophthalmic preparations, and fluids and electrolytes. [Pg.688]

Hyaluronic acid is a linear polysaccharide found in the highest concentrations in soft connective tissues where it fills an important structural role in the organization of the extracellular matrix (23,24). It has been used in ophthalmic preparations to enhance ocular absorption of timolol, a beta blocker used for the treatment of glaucoma (25), and in a viscoelastic tear formulation for conjunctivitis (26). The covalent binding of adriamycin and daunomycin to sodium hy-aluronate to produce water-soluble conjugates was recently reported (27). [Pg.233]

In the case of injectables and ophthalmic preparations which are manufactured aseptically but do not receive a sterilization treatment in their final container the packaging has to be sterilized. Dry heat at 170°C is often used for vials and ampoules. Containers and closures may also be sterilized by moist heat, chemicals and irradiation, but consideration for the destruction or removal of bacterial pyrogens may be necessary. [Pg.348]

Non-selective 3-blockers, including those in ophthalmic preparations, may cause asthma symptoms, and these agents should be avoided in asthmatics unless the benefits of therapy outweigh the risks.1 In asthmatic patients requiring 3-blocker therapy, a Pi-selective agent should be chosen. Because selectivity... [Pg.211]

It is important to review the patient s medication history for potential drug-drug and drug-glaucoma interactions, adherence, presence of systemic and ocular adverse drug reactions, and ability to use ophthalmic preparations. [Pg.909]


See other pages where Ophthalmic preparations is mentioned: [Pg.112]    [Pg.130]    [Pg.214]    [Pg.225]    [Pg.225]    [Pg.616]    [Pg.619]    [Pg.620]    [Pg.621]    [Pg.624]    [Pg.626]    [Pg.629]    [Pg.629]    [Pg.630]    [Pg.630]    [Pg.631]    [Pg.632]    [Pg.678]    [Pg.151]    [Pg.190]    [Pg.2020]    [Pg.392]    [Pg.410]    [Pg.417]    [Pg.417]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.276 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.190 , Pg.191 ]




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Ophthalmic preparations lotions

Ophthalmic preparations ointments

Ophthalmic preparations preservatives

Ophthalmic preparations solutions

Ophthalmic therapeutics drug preparation

Ophthalmics

Otic and Ophthalmic Preparations

Sterile preparations, compounding ophthalmics

Topical, Ophthalmic, and Otic Preparations

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