Joins

A path is a sequence of distinct lines which are connected to each other. For example, in Fig. 7.1a, AECGD is a path. A graph forms a single component if any two points are joined by a path. Thus Fig. 7.16 has two components and Fig. 7.1a has only one. 

Ligases (syniheiases). Enzymes catalysing the joining together of two molecules coupled with the hydrolysis of a pyrophosphate bond in ADP or a similar triphosphate. They include some carboxylases and many enzymes known as synthetases. 

A substance enabling two pieces of metal to be joined without oxidation. 

Slrucfura/ isomerism, due to differences in the order in which the atoms are joined together. 

Uquidus curve The freezing point of a molten mixture of substances varies with the composition of the mixture. If the freezing points are plotted as a function of the composition, the line joining the points is called a liquidus curve. Such mixtures usually freeze over a range of temperature. If the temperature at which the last traces of liquid just solidify (assuming that sufficient time has been allowed for equilibrium to be established) are plotted against composition the resulting line is called a solidus curve. 

Proteins consist of large numbers of amino-acids joined by the p>eptide link —CO —NH — into chains, as shown in the diagram, where R and R" are amino-acid residues. These chains are called peptides and may be broken into smaller chains by partial hydrolysis (see peptides). Proteins may contain more than one peptide chain thus insulin consists of... 

Hydrates are solid structures composed of water molecules joined as crystals that have a system of cavities. The structure is stable only if at least one part of the cavities contains molecules of small molecular size. These molecules interact weakly with water molecules. Hydrates are not chemical compounds rather, they are clathrates . 

Liquid products must undergo hydrogen processing before joining equivalent crude oil fractions and continuing the normal process property improvement steps. 

Figure 5.13 shows the way in which the molecules are visualised, their chemical symbol, and the names of the first three members of the series. The carbon atom has four bonds that can join with either one or more carbon atoms (a unique-property) or with atoms of other elements, such as hydrogen. Hydrogen has only one bond, and can therefore join with only one other atom. 

The first results of computer-based assessment system application show that the benefits are obvious for repaired (without heat treatment) welds and complex defect configurations defect with height local increasing, group of defects, case analysis of defects interference and possible joining. 

Note some particularities of new USCT method. At first, data collection and search of areas with anomalous (inhomogeneous)SD of acoustic parameters (velocities of spreading of US waves) is joined. As a sought image, on which anomalies is revealed, it is offered total image B (r), which practically is the low frequency copy of restored fimction g(f). As PMF SD of... 

The curve minima (labeled with A) are ascribed to the presence of the weld joining the head to the shell because thickness in the weld zone is greater than the one of the steel sheet. 

Anode and cathode have to be made of a conductive material, mostly metal. The insulating material must be joined vacuum-tight and stressproof with the eleetrodes. 

The X-ray beam often leaves the tube envelope through a special beam window. This window also must be joined with the vacuum envelope. 

Glass is available with good insulating properties. It is comparatively cheap and the technology of its application is well known. Glass offers excellent vacuum tightness and can be joined e.g. with copper or tungsten. 

Glass has a very low thermal expansion coefficient the materials joined with glass have to be similar in expansion or must be duetile, while staying vacuum tight. Even with best-matched materials skilled craftsmanship is asked for the joining process. 

With suitable bonding techniques, the metal parts can be joined vacuum tight to the ceramic insulator in automated brazing procedures. 

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