Joining Pipe

The worm-type drip condenser has been in use for many years in one form or another. One type consists of six or eight horizontal sheet-metal pipes joined at the ends by elbows to form a continuous series (fig. 3). The first two lengths of pipe from the top are 7 or 8 inches in diameter the rest are reduced successively in size, the last one, from which the condensed oil and water flow, being 2 or 2-1/2 inches in diameter. 

Fig. 7-9. Corrosion cell between galvanized and copper pipes joined together.

Aquatic lead pollution has been an environmental and public health issue since ancient times (3). Widespread use of lead pipes, lead-lined storage tanks, and pipes joined with lead-based solder led to contamination of drinking water... 

A major weakness in this sampling approach is the dilution of water that has stood in lead pipe-work with water that has stood in non-lead pipe-work between the lead pipe-work and the tap outlet. To illustrate, let us consider a lead pipe joined to a copper pipe up to the tap. A 12 mm internal diameter copper pipe of 8.8 metres length has a volumetric capacity of 1 litre. If the copper pipe between the lead pipe and the tap is 4.4 metres in length, the first draw one litre sample will comprise 50% water that stood in the copper pipe and 50% water that stood in the lead pipe, a 50% dilution effect. If the copper pipe is 8.8 metres in length, or greater, no water that stood in the lead pipe will be capmred by the first draw one litre sample. This assumes simple plug flow in the pipes concerned, which is reasonable at the flow rates normally experienced (about 0.1 litre per second, that is 6 litres per minute) as the flow should be turbulent... 

Pressure drop in mechanical pipe joining test method ISO 4059. 

Double-ended guillotine break 1 s of a pipe joining a pump to the core grid plate in ... 

From alternator to the pipe joining the recuperator and the gas cooler, flow will travel to gas cooler (4)... 

The hot leg piping joins the reactor outlet to the turbine inlet. Both of these component interfaces would have required significant development, including potentially the development of bimetallic joints and methods for Insulation containment. At the reactor outlet there was the possibility of a bimetallic joint between an inner refractory metal alloy reactor vessel and the Ni-base superalloy piping liner, if a Ni-base superalloy was chosen as the liner material. Another dissimilar joint would have occurred between the cast Ni-base superalloy turbine inlet and the wrought Ni-base superalloy outer piping. Finally, should a refractory metal alloy liner have been selected, the end caps for insulation containment would have required bimetallic Joints. 

Most of the adhesively bonded pipe joints used in engineering, such as adhesively bonded socket joints, butt-weld and strap joints and heat activated coupling joints etc., can be basically regarded as two pieces of composite pipes joined by a connection coupler via the bonding adhesive, as shown in Figure 5. In order to reduce the stress concentration influence on the joint system, the smart beam-like joint concept was extended to develop a novel adhesively bonded smart composite pipe joint system by integrating the smart piezoelectric... 

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