Joining methods

Some method of joining parts together is used throughout industry, to form either a complete product or an assembly. The method used depends on the application of the finished product and whether the parts have to be dismantled for maintenance or replacement during service. 

There are five methods by which parts may be joined  

---

Fig 19 11 Joining methods for ceramics (a) glaze bonding, (b) diffusion bonding, (c) metallisation plus brazing. In addition, ceramics can be clamped, and can be joined with adhesives. 

Finally, mechanical joints, e.g. nuts, bolts, rivets etc., are still important joining methods for which attention must be given to compatibility to avoid dissimilar metal corrosion problems and crevice corrosion " . ... 

Saitou, N. and M. Nei (1987). The neighbor-joining method A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4 406 -25. 

Fig. 2.1. A tree representing the phylogeny of Wolbachia in arthropods (groups A and B) and filarial nematodes (groups C and D). Group designations correspond to those proposed by Werren etal. (1995) and by Bandi etal. (1998). The names at the terminal nodes are those of the host species. The tree is based on the ftsZgene sequence alignment used by Bandi etal. (1998). The tree was obtained using a distance matrix method (Jukes and Cantor correction neighbour-joining method).

Fig. 7.4 The tree is based on full-length sequences, and constructed by using the neighbor-joining method. Bootstrap values (% from 1,000 replications) are indicated. NodA sequences of published rhizobia are available in GenBank. A, Azorhizobium, B, Bradyrhizobium. M, Mesorhizobium. Me, Methylobacterium. R, Rhizobium. S, Sinorhizobium (Moullin et al. 2001)...

Table 13.3-3. Sorted Ideas for New Metal Joining Methods...

The simplest assembly and joining methods. In-mould assembly can significantly reduce or eliminate assembly costs. 

The nucleotide sequences of gastrin precursors in Phylip format are given below. Preform phylogenetic analysis by neighbor joining method using the Kimura two-parameter model. 

In the electrical and electronic equipment market, adhesives compete with other joining methods such as mechanical fasteners, brazing, welding, soldering, and thermocompression bonding. Major uses of adhesives in the electrical and electronic equipment market are shown in Table 1.5. Adhesives are generally the preferred method of joining whenever... 

The evolution of structural adhesives will certainly continue. Each increment in strength, durability, processing speed and ease, safety, reliability and reproducibility opens new commercial markets, not only to displace older joining methods but also to allow for the manufacture of new structures not possible without adhesives. 

At site 8, an increase in copper concentration was observed simultaneously with a decrease in gold and silver concentrations. The two caps, previously well-fitted, were joined by the process known as solid-state diffusion bonding with copper salts in a reducing atmosphere. The process took place at about 890 °C (10). The relatively low temperature permitted joining at site 8 without desoldering the join at site 6, only 1.5 mm distant. This joining method was widely used by the Etruscans in their famous granulation work. 

---