Development sustainable

Sustainable water resource systems are those designed and managed to meet the needs of people living in the future as well as those of us living today. (ASCE 1998) 

The dawn of modern environmental consciousness is often linked to two events the 1962 publication of Rachel Carson s Silent Spring, and the first Earth Day in 1970. Carson s book forecast the loss of thousands of wild species and harm to humans if widespread, indiscriminate use of pesticides continued unabated. Despite furious criticism, accumulating evidence proved Carson right. In 1969 Sen. Gaylord Nelson called for a nationwide grassroots demonstration on behalf of the environment on 

FIGURE 7-1. Port of St. Augustine, Florida. Detail from Expugnatio civitatis S. Augustini in America hy Theodor de Bry (1599). With kind permission of P. K. Yonge Library of Florida History, Department of Special Area Studies Collections, George A. Smothers Library, University of Florida. 

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF GROUNDWATER—URBAN AND STATEWIDE MANAGEMENT 

Sustainable development means managing a resource in a way that it is 

Pumping that is limited to the volume of recharged water. In other words, it is groundwater exploitation that nearly equals, but never surpasses, the amount of groundwater that would be drained naturally into the ocean. 

Maintaining the natural recharge mechanisms and enhancing them. 

Preserving groundwater quality—avoiding deterioration by arrival of anthropogenic pollution or by pumping-induced intermixing with low-quality groundwater. 

A systemic approach of the whole supply chain allows the designer to identify the critical stages where inefficient use of raw materials and energy takes place, as well as the sources of toxic materials and pollution. Developing sustainable processes implies the availability of consistent and general accepted sustainability measures. A comprehensive analysis should examine the evolution of sustainability over the whole life cycle, namely that raised by the dismantling the plant. 

As shown in Chapter 9, solar energy seems to be abundant compared to the energy our society requires and could potentially be a candidate for energy supply. But a closer analysis shows that even here there might be, for the moment, significant limitations. 

After one of our studies on the efficiency of industrial processes had been completed, the client contacted us again some time later and asked us for a definition of sustainability. More specifically, his industry was probably not sustainable but if it was not, was it close or remote The client suspected that this was a question with a high thermodynamic content and had therefore contacted us again Your discipline should be able to tell us more about 

Dr Gro Harlem Brundlandt (photo from http /blog.norway. com/2009/04/01/). 

The product designers are most influential in reducing the raw materials used in the product. For example, the quantity of metal used in car chassis and panel manufacture has declined as sophisticated engineering has shaped metal parts to provide strength that was once only achieved by 

Sachs et alP argue that many of today s norms can be successfully altered if there is the social and political will for change. Ideas include  

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The EEA aims to support sustainable development and to help achieve significant and measurable improvement in Europe s environment by providing timely, targeted, relevant and reliable information to policy making agents and the public. The home page of EEA has links to environmental agencies in 26 European countries. 

UeSimone, L. D., and Popoff, F. (1997). Eco-Efficiency The Business Link to Sustainable Development Cambridge, MA MIT Press. 

Today, with the pressing need to achieve sustainable development, the reduction of the energy losses and the optimization of all processes has promoted the continuous development and implementation of advanced energy control systems in all sectors. 

Established in 1946, with a subscribed capital fund of 7.67 million, the primary mission of the World Bank is to combat poverty by securing low cost funding for sustainable development. The largest shareholder is the U.S., followed by the United Kingdom, Japan, Germany, and Eranee. 

A newly emerging concern of chemistry is sustainable development, the economical utilization and renewal of resources coupled with hazardous waste reduction and concern for the environment. This sensitive approach to the environment and our planetary inheritance is known colloquially as green chemistry. Where we s think it appropriate to draw your attention to this important development, we dis- I ( play the small icon shown here in the margin. 

Another favorable aspect of these polymers is their conformity with the principles of green chemistry. The latter sets guidehnes for the chemical industry in order to secure sustainable development, while increasing process economy [3,4]. Briefly, green chemistry, and the related green engineering [5] call for an increase in, and/or upgrading of ... 

Helie, R.G. Wickware, D.G. Quantitative A ssment of the Water Resources at Risk to Acidification in Eastern Canada, Paper No.6, Sustainable Development Branch, Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, 1990. 

Commission of the European Communities (COM) (2004) Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament Stimulating Technologies for Sustainable Development An Environmental Technologies Action Plan for the European Union. 38 final. http //ec.europa.eu/environment/etap/ pdfs/com 004 etap en.pdf. (Accessed May 2010). 

Current thinking on sustainable development came out of a United Nations Commission on Environment and Development in 1987 (Bruntland... 

Commission), which defined sustainable development as . meeting the... 

One of the conclusions from the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro (the Earth Summit) was the urgent need to find a more sustainable way of life, based on careful use of resources and a reduction in environmental emissions. There was also a call to move towards a model in which environmental enhancement is fully integrated with economic development. The consequences of this summit have been far-reaching not least by the fact that, in Europe and elsewhere, environmental protection requirements are now integrated into many policies rather than being separate pieces of legislation. Indeed Article 2 of the EC treaty states that the Community shall. .. promote throughout the Community harmonious, balanced and sustainable development of economic activities This may be viewed as the first step towards... 

Although this approach enables companies to comply with legislation, and harmful emissions will be prevented from entering the environment, it does not provide the best framework for sustainable development. A much better approach would be to develop legislation that encourages pollution prevention at source. In this respect, the old prescriptive approach has something to offer however, it is generally accepted that with the number of diverse operations we have today this would be unworkable. 

Discuss the role chemists can play in Sustainable Development . 

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