Industry, chemical

For typical conditions in the chemical industry, the effect of pressure on liquid-liquid equilibria is negligible and therefore in this monograph pressure is not considered as a variable in Equation (2). 

The DIPPR is a research organization sponsored by the AlChE (American Institute of Chemical Engineers). Its objective is to develop a thermophysical data bank for the components most frequently encountered in the chemical industry. 

The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated on two rqjresentative NDT techniques intapretation of data acquired with an ultrasonic rail inspection system and interpretation of eddy-current data from heat exchangers in (petro-)chemical industry. The results show that it is possible to provide a high level of automation in combination with efficient operator support for highly variable NDT measurements where up to now use of automated interpretation was only limited. 

Steel framed buildings Steel bridges Fertilizer factories Oil refineries Chemical industries Pharmaceutical industries Machinery parts... 

A. L. Smith, Ed., Theory and Practice of Emulsion Technology, Society of Chemical Industry, London, 1976. 

A catalyst is a material that accelerates a reaction rate towards thennodynamic equilibrium conversion without itself being consumed in the reaction. Reactions occur on catalysts at particular sites, called active sites , which may have different electronic and geometric structures than neighbouring sites. Catalytic reactions are at the heart of many chemical industries, and account for a large fraction of worldwide chemical production. Research into fiindamental aspects of catalytic reactions has a strong economic motivating factor a better understanding of the catalytic process... 

Meier W M 1968 Zeolite structures Moiecuiar Sieves (London Society of Chemical Industry) pp 10-27... 

In this manner, we have learned the laws and rules of nature, of compounds and their reactions. Thus, enough knowledge was accumulated to found an entire industry, the chemical industry, which produces a cornucopia of chemicals having a wide range of properties that allow us to maintain our present standard of living. 

Chemists major task is to make compounds with desired properties. Society at large is not interested in beautiful chemical structures, but rather in the properties that these structures might have. The chemical industry can only sell properties, but it does so by conveying these properties through chemical structures. Thus, the first fundamental task in chemistry is to make inferences about which structure might have the desired property (Figure 1-2). 

The WLN was applied to indexing the Chemical Structure Index (CSI) at the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) [13] and the Ituiex Chemicus Registry System (ICRS) as well as the Crossbow System of Imperial Chemical Industries (ICl). With the introduction of connection tables in the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) in 1965 and the advent of molecular editors in the 1970s, which directly produced connection tables, the WLN lost its importance. 

Supplied by Midland Silicones Ltd., 19 Upper Brook Street, London, W. 1 also by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd., 149 Park Lane, London, W. 1. An equivalent product is available from Dow.Coming, U.S.A. 

Wheeler and Gowan, Name Index of Organic Reactions, 1953 (Society of Chemical Industry). 

As the demand for rubber increased so did the chemical industry s efforts to prepare a synthetic sub stitute One of the first elastomers (a synthetic poly mer that possesses elasticity) to find a commercial niche was neoprene discovered by chemists at Du Pont in 1931 Neoprene is produced by free radical polymerization of 2 chloro 1 3 butadiene and has the greatest variety of applications of any elastomer Some uses include electrical insulation conveyer belts hoses and weather balloons... 

Classical methods for separation and purifica tion include fractional distillation of liquids and re crystallization of solids and these two methods are routinely included in the early portions of laboratory courses in organic chemistry Because they are capa ble of being adapted to work on a large scale frac tional distillation and recrystallization are the preferred methods for purifying organic substances in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries... 

Not so for synthesis in the chemical industry where a compound must be prepared not only on a large scale but at low cost There is a pronounced bias toward reactants and reagents that are both abundant and inexpensive The oxidizing agent of choice for example in the chemical industry is O2 and extensive research has been devoted to develop mg catalysts for preparing various compounds by air oxidation of readily available starting materials To illustrate air and ethylene are the reactants for the industrial preparation of both acetaldehyde and ethylene oxide Which of the two products is ob tamed depends on the catalyst employed... 

Polymerisation Initiators, Product information BuUetiu, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, LTD. 

Asahi Chemical Industry Company Ltd. was working to develop an adsorption process in the late 1970s and early 1980s that was to produce high purity EB as well as PX (100—103). In 1981 they reported that pilot plants results were being confirmed in larger equipment. However, this process does not appear to have been commercialized. 

---