Sustainable development process sustainability

Development approaches should change from a disciplinary subject through a top-down extension method into a integrated topic through a participatory development process (see The organic approach sustainability as a subject of extension and participation as an extension method and Participatory extension methods. 

The NCSDs of Japan, Korea and the Philippines have played various roles and served different purposes. They have demonstrated the potency of co-ordinated and synergistic actions and contributed to their respective country s sustainable development processes. The Vietnam NCSD is still in its infancy stage but it has already served as a venue for consultation and co-ordinated action for the implementation of VA 21. The NCSDs could serve as the institutional mechanism for chemicals safety and management at the national level. 

While profitably reducing environmental footprint has become a systematic source of value, DuPont has achieved less success applying the concept of sustainable growth to the innovation and new product development processes. DuPont does have examples of new products for which a major portion of the customer value results from the elimination of environmental problems for the customer. Examples of this include ... 

Ritchie and Ciurczak [18] discussed a near-infrared transmission method for sustained-release, prescription analgesic tablets. The entire method development process was performed with validation in mind. Additional general aspects of validation were discussed by Lange et al. [19] in yet another paper. The specific products were de-emphasized in favor of the actual validation process. 

Numerous factors are responsible for the recent paradigm shift in the drug discovery and development process. First, and foremost, is the cost factor. The pharmaceutical industry can no longer sustain their former business model in the context of the exponential growth in costs associated with drug development as widely described by the investigators at Tufts University [1]. With this background we add the remarkable productivity of combinatorial chemistry... 

The design constraints identified as necessary to control system hazards are passed to the implementers and assurers of the individual system components along with standards and other requirements. Success is determined through feedback provided by test reports, reviews, and various additional hazard analyses. At the end of the development process, the results of the hazard analyses as well as documentation of the safety-related design features and design rationale should be passed on to the maintenance group to be used in the system evolution and sustainment process. 

The environmental necessity to stop this negative development by switching to alternative strategies independent of fossil resources nowadays is generally undisputed. Already in 1992, the United Nations Rio Declaration on Environment and Development explicitly specified the political intention and willingness of most countries to forcefully support the development of bio-based and biocompalible materials. Literally, Principle 4 of the Rio Declaration slates that In order to achieve sustainable development, environmental protection shall constitute an integral part of the development process and cannot be considered in isolation from it With the tools of life cycle assessment (LCA) and cleaner production studies, much effort is contemporarily devoted to quantifying the environmental impact and feasibility of processes for production of polymeric materials (Sudesh and Iwala 2008). 

Students also watch four documentaries on the most complex problems of sustainable development (also completed after class). During their group exercises, and also as an individual assignment, students work on finding solutions to the problems raised in these films and present them to their professor. All students have to prepare and present three papers and one thesis on sustainable development issues. Out of the three mandatory papers, one must be written on the Earth Charter principles and their importance for sustainable development processes. 

Sustainable vehicle design process, therefore, should include criteria such as technical performance, design, vehicle production, cost, quality and so on. In order to achieve greater benefits in terms of minimized environmental load and cost, sustainable design principles are to be integrated into the development process [9]. 

In accordance with the Rio Declaration the people are standing in the center of efforts for sustainable development. They have a right on "healthy and productive life in harmony with the nature". Environmental protection is accepted as "an element of the development process" as to see in Table 1. 

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