Sustainable development material emissions

The United Nations Industrial Development Organization [39-41] and Ausubel and Sladovich [4] emphasize the importance of cleaner production, pollution prevention, waste minimization, sustainable development, zero emission, materials substimtion, dematerialization, decarbonization, functional economic analysis, and IE indicators. These ways and means for analysis and design of industrial ecology are described separately herein. 

The development of PH A into a branch of bulk chemical industry will address at least three issues shortage of petroleum for plastic materials, reduction of CO emissions, and environmental protection. It is related to the sustainable development of the chemical and material industries. The newly developed PHA-based biofuels open up a new area for development that avoids argument on food versus fuel and fuel versus land. However, much more work needs to be done to reduce the cost of PHA production so that PHA-based biofuel can be added to the existing bio-based fuels, including ethanol, propanol, butanol, biodiesel, hydrogen, and methane gas (Fig. 7). 

More than many other fields, chemistry is considered to have a special responsibility in addressing a sustainable development for our common future. Effectiveness of industrial processes is to be increased emissions, raw-material consumption and energy use have to be reduced. One answer of chemistry towards these challenges was set up by the ideas of a green or sustainable chemistry as a guiding framework for many fields of contemporary chemistry research, development, and industrial production. ... 

As one of the world s leading specialty chemical companies, Clariant contributes to value creation with innovative and sustainable solutions for customers from many industries. The business units are divided into four Business Areas Care Chemicals, Catalysis Energy, Natural Resources and Plastics Coatings. The product portfolio of Clariant provides competitive and innovative solutions to customers and research and development is focused on addressing the key trends of our time. These include energy efficiency, renewable raw materials, emission-free mobility and conserving finite resources. 

In the current global context, ecological concerns for environmental protection and sustainable development arise in all debates and at all levels (political, economic and societal). Regarding the raw materials consumption and the amount of materials produced, the construction industry cannot afford to overlook this change in mentality. Consequently, major efforts are made to reduce the construction material production impact on the depletion of natural resources and CO2 emissions. 

This is a recently developed method. The advantages of this method are as follows inexpensive raw materials with abundant resources relatively mild reaction conditions since there are no flammable or explosive gases and toxic substances involved easy separation of the product with high yield up to 90% unreacted glycol can be recycled ammonia is the by-product that can be used to produce chemical fertilizers and almost "zero emissions." This me od can meet the requirements of sustainable development and is quite promising. 

In February 2006, Japan s Mitsubishi Motors announced that it is to use the biopolymer, polybutylene succinate (PBS), in the interior of its new mini-car launched next year. In conjunction with Aichi Industrial Technology Institute, it has developed a material that uses PBS combined with bamboo fibre. PBS is composed of succinic acid, which is derived from fermented corn or cane sugar, and 1,4-butanediol. Bamboo grows quickly and is seen by Mitsubishi as a sustainable resource. In lifecycle tests, the PBS-bamboo fibre composite achieves a 50% cut in carbon dioxide emissions compared with polypropylene. Volatile organic compound levels are also drastically reduced, by roughly 85%, over processed wood hardboards. 

Films may be applied for identification, to improve core strength, aesthetics, taste masking, enteric release, stability (protection from environment), or to provide sustained or controlled release. For many products, development of latex coating materials has eliminated the safety hazards and emissions problems related to the use of organic solvents. 

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