Modern environmentalism

T. Colborn and C. Clement, Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology Volnme XXL Chemically-Induced Alterations in Sexual and Functional Development The Wildlife/Human Connection, Princeton Scientific, New Jersey, 1992. 

W. P. Davis and S.A. Bortone, Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology Volume XXL Chemically-Induced Alterations in Sexual and Eunctional Development The Wildlife/Human Connection, ed. T. Colborn and C. Clement, Princeton Scientific, New Jersey, 1992, p. 113. D.L. MacLatchy, Z. Yao, L. Tremblay and G.J. Van Der Kraak, in Proceedings of the 5th International Symposinm on Reprodnctive Physiology of Eish, University of Texas, Austin, 1997, p. 189. P. E. Gibbs and G. W. Bryan, in Biomonitoring of Coastal Waters and Estuaries, ed. K. J. M. Kramer, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1994, p. 205. 

Bruner RH. 1984. Pathologic findings in laboratory animals exposed to hydrocarbon fuels of military interest. In Mehlman MA, Hemstreet GP III, Thorpe JJ, et al., eds. Advances in modern environmental toxicology. Volume VII Renal effects of petroleum hydrocarbons. Princeton, NJ Princeton Scientific Publishers, 133-140. 

Mahlman M. 1991. Dangerous and cancer-causing properties of products and chemicals in the oil refining and petrochemical industry, part Xll. Human health and environmental hazards. In MA Mehlman, ed.. Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology, Vol XIX Health and Risks from Exposure to Complex Mixtures and Air Toxic Chemicals, Princeton Scientific Publishing CO, Inc., Princeton, New Jersey, 99-116. 

Historians sometimes point to Earth Day 1970 as the beginning of the modern environmental movement. And in some important ways, they are correct. But many people were worried about the dangers posed by polluted air decades before that event. One such individual was the French-born American chemist Eugene Houdry. Houdry spent much of his professional career studying the nature of catalysis, the process by which the rate of a chemical reaction is changed by the addition of a nonreactive substance. 

Chemistry of the Environment begins with a historical review of pollution in human societies, describing the kinds of pollution problems with which people have had to deal and the way in which progress and pollution are inextricably interwoven. It then discusses the growth of the modern environmental movement, a movement characterized not only by an appreciation of the pollution problems facing modern society, but also by an understanding of the ways in which science in general and chemistry in particular can be used to solve those problems. 

Dissolving an eggshell in vinegar demonstrates a modern environmental problem. Calcium carbonate is present in Earth s crust as marble, limestone, and chalk. Many modern buildings, statues, and stone structures contain calcium. Acid rain is slowly dissolving these structures. 

Casto, B.C. (1981) Detection of chemical carcinogens and mutagens in hamster cells by enhancement of adenovirus transformation. In Mishra, N., Dunkel, V. Mehlman, I., eds, Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology, Vol. 1, Princeton, NJ, Senate Press, pp. 241-271... 

Colborn, T., and C. Clement, eds. Chemically-induced alterations in sexual and functional development The Wildlife/Human Connection. In Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology, M. A. Mehlman, ed. Princeton, NJ Princeton Scientific Publishing, 1992. 

Concepts and Risk Assessment Melman, M.A., Ed. Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology Series No. X Princeton Scientific Publishing, pp 117-126, 1987. 

Scholars have linked the rise of modern environmentalism to a broader cultural shift toward postmaterialist values that accompanied the rise of an increasingly mobile, educated, and consumerist middle class (Hayes 1987 Ingle-hart 1990). Yet as Christopher Sellers (1997 11) has observed, those values would have remained empty without the new validity and concreteness that science brought to the threat of industrial chemicals. As he and others have shown (Gunter and Harris 1998 Palladino 1996 Potter 1997 Whorton 1975), concerted efforts among government and university scientists to better understand the environmental and health effects of synthetic chemicals anticipated the Earth Day mobilizations by decades. 

So far in this chapter, absorption techniques have been considered in preference to emission techniques, in spite of the much longer history of flame emission spectrometry (FES).5 This is deliberate, and reflects the far greater relative importance of AAS as a routine technique in most modern environmental... 

Modern environmentalism, by contrast, has mostly aimed at protecting the environment from humans and has loaded this charge with moral freight. Walter... 

The ability to monitor trace levels of a number of heavy metals in a variety of samples is an important feature of modern environmental chemistry. Hence, sensitive analytical methods are required. When faced with the task of analyzing very low concentrations of antimony, bismuth and tin the hydride generation method is the first choice because of the improved sensitivity and lower detection limits as compared to many other techniques. The hydride generation technique includes the use of a reductant, such as a NaBH4 solution, to separate the volatile metal hydrides from the sample solution and the subsequent determination with atomic absorption after decomposition of the hydrides in a heated quartz cell. 

Throughout the 1960s, the scientific information movement brought a public health perspective to environmental problems - human-centered, prevention-oriented, espousing population-scale interventions by the state (a ban on above-ground testing of nuclear weapons, e.g., to eliminate radioactive fallout), with no reluctance to consider the hazards of the workplace and urban environments. Here we find the beginnings of the modern environmental movement. 

Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology (Princeton Scientific)... 

A type of publication related to the periodical is the report series. While many of the journals listed previously provide monographic reviews (i.e., Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicity, CRC Review Series, Methods in Toxicology, and Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) the... 

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