Improvement, measuring

The average value of the rephcates is reported along with the standard deviation, which reflects the variabihty in the measurement. Large standard deviations relative to the average measurement indicate the need for an action plan to improve measurement precision. This can be accomphshed through more rephcate measurements or the elimination of the source of variation, such as the imprecision of an instmment or poor temperature control during the measurement. 

Are continuous improvement measures and methodologies employed and do these cover all aspects of the quality system ... 

The standard requires the use of appropriate continuous improvement measures and methodologies. 

Process improvements. Measure progress against previously identified goals. For example, if completing capital project safety reviews within two weeks of submittal was a facility s objective, is this now being achieved ... 

Efiiciency Improvement Measures in Energy Intensive Industry SOURCE Worrell, Levine, et al., 1997. 

The utilization of existing or the provision of new railheads will also be a determining factor for some operators, and frequently the rail sidings do not have good road access. In these cases extensive improvement measures may be necessary to provide adequate space and geometrical requirements. 

Latta, J. Improved measurement of plasma renin activity... 

An alternative method of managing patients with cerebellar infarction causing obstructive hydrocephalus is endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Baldauf et al. ° reviewed 10 cases managed by the use of endoscopic third ventriculostomy, 8 of whom had clinical improvement (measured as an improvement in the level of consciousness). This therapy is still experimental, and improvement in outcome has not been demonstrated. 

Elias JM, Rosenberg B, Margiotta M, et al. Antigen restoration of MIB-1 immunoreactivity in breast cancer combined use of enzyme predigestion and low temperature for improved measurement of proliferation indexes. I. Histotechnol. 1999 22 103-106. 

Accuracy is a measure of how close the result is to the true value while reproducibility or precision is a measure of how close a series of measurements on the same sample are to each other. The accuracy and reproducibility of pH measurements can be highly variable and are dependent on several factors electrode stability (drift and hysteresis), response slope/calibration curve, and accuracy of the pH meters. While some of these factors are determined by the properties of electrodes, some measures can be taken to improve measurement accuracy and reproducibility. 

The nanometer- to micrometer-scale dimensions of supramolecular assemblies present many challenges to rigorous compositional and structural characterization. Development of adequate structure-property relationships for these complex hierarchical systems will require improved measurement methods and techniques. The following areas constitute critical thrusts in instrument development. 

In the present situation and in the near future, better sensors and improved control systems would require improved measurement functions, and new parameters could be defined. More and more electronics will be used in domestic appliances. Mechanical functions are being replaced by electronic devices, mainly sensors and electromechanical actuators (such as pumps or electromotors) and microelectronic control systems. 

Estimates of primordial helium and deuterium with improved measurements of neutron half-life restrict number of light neutrino families to about 3. Similar, firmer result from LEP measurements at CERN of width of Z° resonance. 

Improved measurement methods suitable for observations from airborne platforms, so that the regional-scale impacts of urban emission can be accurately assessed. This is needed because some control options for solving the urban-scale problem have the potential of transferring pollution from one geographic area to others. 

The emergence of sensitive and affordable array detectors in 1980s and 1990s has also improved measurement capability in the UV-vis. Commercially available UV-vis instrumentation with photodiode-array (PDA) detectors appeared in the mid-1980s. This made it possible to produce a UV-vis spectrophotometer... 

Managing for Quality Improvement Measuring Quality Improvement... 

By showing how ionic liquids can improve measurement and reduce the amount of environmental waste, this volume confirms the staying power of these materials in the years to come. 

Their table included isotopic abundances as well as elemental abundances. Since the Suess and Urey table was published, subsequent work has primarily refined the determinations of the cosmic abundances through improved measurements of meteorites, a better understanding of which meteorites should be considered for this work, improved measurements of the solar composition, and a better understanding of nuclear physics. 

These examples illustrate that an increasing number of trace gases must be measured simultaneously if even limited subsets of stratospheric photochemistry and transport are to be understood. The combined uncertainties will also become less of a constraint as simultaneous measurements of trace gas abundances can be compared to values derived from other observed abundances and simple photochemical relationships. As important is the improved measurement of photochemical parameters from laboratory studies as well as the search and study of other mechanisms that may be occurring in the stratosphere. Concerted effort in all of these categories is required to avert future failure in predicting shifts in stratospheric photochemistry, like the Antarctic ozone hole. 

The methodologies used to determine the concentration of nonmethane organic compounds (NMOCs) in ambient atmospheres are reviewed in this chapter. The symposium from which this chapter evolved was designed to provide analytical chemists who are not directly involved in atmospheric measurements with a brief summary of measurement technologies currently used for determining nonmethane organic compounds, with the hope that interest in developing improved measurement methods could be... 

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