United Nations Sustainable Development

The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) defines cleaner production as the conceptual and procedural approach to production that demands that all phases of the life-cycle of products must be addressed with the objective of the prevention or minimization of short- and long-term risks to humans and the environment. A total societal commitment is required for effecting this comprehensive approach to achieving the goal of sustainable societies. 9... 

The United Nations Industrial Development Organization [39-41] and Ausubel and Sladovich [4] emphasize the importance of cleaner production, pollution prevention, waste minimization, sustainable development, zero emission, materials substimtion, dematerialization, decarbonization, functional economic analysis, and IE indicators. These ways and means for analysis and design of industrial ecology are described separately herein. 

To address the challenges of the new global context and to enhance economy wide productivity in a sustainable manner, the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) focuses its activities on three thematic priorities poverty reduction through productive activities, trade capacity building and environment and energy. 

The Cleaner Production Programme provides an active contribution to the implementation of the United Nations Millennium Declaration and the achievement of United Nations Millennium Development Goals 1 (eradicate extreme poverty and hunger), 7 (ensure environmental sustainability) and 8 (develop a global partnership for development). 

Agenda 21, for example, the plan of action to achieve sustainable development that was adopted at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro in June 1992, calls on countries and the international community to develop indicators of sustainable development. Such indicators are needed to increase focus on sustainable development and assist decision-makers at all levels to adopt sound national sustainable development policies. 

The United Nations industrial Development Organization (UNlDO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations dedicated to promoting sustainable industrial development in developing countnes and countries with economies in transition It harnesses the joint forces of government and the pnvate sector to foster competitive industrial production, develop international industnal product on and partnerships, and promote socially equitable and environmentally fnendly industnal development... 

United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) (2012) Cleaner and sustainable production unit. http //www.unido.org/index.php id=o5152. Accessed 13 Dec 2012... 

Nader, L. (1995). Energy Needs for Sustainable Human Development-Anthropological Aspects. In Energy as an Instrument for Social Change, eds. Jose Goldenberg and T. B. Johansson. New York United Nations... 

Current thinking on sustainable development came out of a United Nations Commission on Environment and Development in 1987 (Bruntland... 

One of the conclusions from the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro (the Earth Summit) was the urgent need to find a more sustainable way of life, based on careful use of resources and a reduction in environmental emissions. There was also a call to move towards a model in which environmental enhancement is fully integrated with economic development. The consequences of this summit have been far-reaching not least by the fact that, in Europe and elsewhere, environmental protection requirements are now integrated into many policies rather than being separate pieces of legislation. Indeed Article 2 of the EC treaty states that the Community shall. .. promote throughout the Community harmonious, balanced and sustainable development of economic activities This may be viewed as the first step towards... 

Confederation of the Food and Drink Industries of the EU (CIAA) and United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Industry as a Partner for Sustainable Development, Food and Drink, United Kingdom, 2002. 

IIED (International Institute for Environment and Development) (1997). Changing Consumption and Production Patterns Unlocking Trade Opportunities, Robbins, N. and Roberts, S. (eds), United Nations Department of Policy Co-ordination and Sustainable Development, United Nations, New York, USA. 

Sustainability overall objective for human beings formulated by the United Nations in the 1990s is to ensure sustainable development for future generations chemical companies have already started to translate this objective into their industry practice with respects to products developed and sold, energy and natural resource efficiency in their processes, climate protection, corporate social responsibility for the workforce as well as stakeholders in production and consuming areas sustainability as an objective also already inspired operations research and supply chain literature (see for example Zhou et al. 2000 Al-Sharrah et al. 2002)... 

WEA (2000). Chapter 5 Energy resources. In World Energy Assessment. Energy and the Challenge of Sustainability, ed. Goldemberg, J., New York United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA), World Energy Council (WEC). 

UNDP (United Nations Development Programme). 2004. World Energy Assessment 2004 Energy and the Challenge of Sustainability. UNDP, New York. 

Wynen, E. 1998. Evaluating the Potential Contribution of Organic Agriculture to Sustainability Goals. Environment and Natural Resources Service, Research, Extension and Training Division, Sustainable Development Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome. 

Of course, the term "sustainable development" was first launched with success in a United Nations report called "Our Common Future" [1], better known as "The Brundtland Report" after the chairperson of the commission that produced it (see Figure 13.1). In this report, sustainable development is defined as a social development required to satisfy the needs of present generations without putting at risk the needs of future generations. 

Ayres, R.U. Simonis, U. Industrial Metabolism, Restructuring for Sustainable Development, United Nations University Press Tokyo, Japan, 1994. 

After the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, the Chinese government developed its own strategy for sustainable development called China s Agenda 21. The strategy advocates sustainable development by industrial policies, including ... 

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