Glycollic acid

The preceding discussions of the kinetics and molecular weight distributions in the step-growth polymerization of AB monomers are clearly exemplified by the esterification reactions of such monomers as glycolic acid or co-hydroxydecanoic acid. Therefore one method for polyester synthesis is the following ... 

Polymerization of an AB monomer is illustrated by the polyester formed from glycolic acid. The repeat unit in this polymer has the structure... 

EG may also be pioduced via glycolic acid using catalysts containing strong acids (66), cobalt carbonyl (67—69), rhodium oxide (68), or HE solvent (70,71) (see Glycols, ETHYLENE glycol). 

In order to become useful dmg delivery devices, biodegradable polymers must be formable into desired shapes of appropriate size, have adequate dimensional stability and appropriate strength-loss characteristics, be completely biodegradable, and be sterilizahle (70). The polymers most often studied for biodegradable dmg delivery applications are carboxylic acid derivatives such as polyamides poly(a-hydroxy acids) such as poly(lactic acid) [26100-51-6] and poly(glycolic acid) [26124-68-5], cross-linked polyesters poly(orthoesters) poly anhydrides and poly(alkyl 2-cyanoacrylates). The relative stabiUty of hydrolytically labile linkages ia these polymers (70) is as follows ... 

D-Amino acid oxidase will oxidase only serine having the R configuration at C-2. Glycolate oxidase will remove only the prv-R hydrogen of glycolic acid Does the product (0=CHC02H) contain tritium Explain your reasoning. 

Polymeric, prepared as thin smooth films (with the exception of poly(glycolic acid))... 

The formation of strychninolone and brucinolone was first explained by Fawcett, Perkin and Robinson, who suggested that the loss of glycollic acid from brucinolic acid must be due to the change, indicated by (a) —... 

Glycollic Acid. If it is required to convert the o.xalic acid completely into glycollic acid, the same method is employed n..s descubed abo e, but the temperature is raised to 35° and tbc-number of ainpere-hotns is doubled. The scpaiation is effected as the calcium salt and precipitated with alcohol as already described. 

The pronounced influence of the phenyl group on optical activity led Fredga and Palm" to initiate an investigation on the optical activity of thiophene derivatives, in order to use this physical property for the elucidation of the aromatic character of thiophene. 2-(27) and 3-Thenylsuccinic acid (28), 2- (29) and 3-thienyl-succinic acid (30), 2- (31) and 3-thienylglycolic acid (32), 2-(33) and 3-a-methoxythienylacetie acid (34), -phenyl 2-thienyl-glycolic acid (35), -(2-thienyl)-y5-phenylpropionic acid (36), a-phenyl- -(2-thienyl) propionic acid (37), a,/ -di (2-thienyl)propionic acid (38) have been resolved into antipodes with the help of optically active bases. 

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