Glycol adipic acid polyester butanediol

Common synonyms 1,4-butanediol, propylene glycol, adipic acid polyester, 2-ethylhexanol-terminat-ed ... 

Polyester and polyether diols are used with MDI in the manufacture of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers (TPU). The polyester diols are obtained from adipic acid and diols, such as ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, or 1,6-hexanediol. The preferred molecular weights are 1,000 to 2,000, and low acid numbers are essential to ensure optimal hydrolytic stabihty. Also, caprolactone-derived diols and polycarbonate diols are used. Polyether diols are... 

Polyesters are another important class of polyols. There are many polyester types used, so a generic structure is shown in Scheme 4.4. They are often based on adipic acid and either ethylene glycol (ethylene adipates) or 1,4-butanediol (butylene adipates). Polyesters, because of the polar carbonyl groups, contribute more to intermolecular forces, and physical properties such as tear and impact resistance are often improved by using them. They are also utilized for their solvent and acid resistance and light stability. Relatively poor hydrolytic stability is... 

Nowadays, various aliphatic copolyesters based on succinate, adipate, ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol are being produced. Aliphatic polyesters based on natural feedstock such lactic acid are also being produced on a commercial scale by companies such as NatureWorks TLC. 

The polyesters used in practice are based on e-caprolactone or dicarbonic acids, mostly adipic acid, and glycols. The higher the dissociation constant of the basic acid, the easier the esters are hydrolytically cleaved. In adipic acids, the number of C-atoms in the glycol determines hydrolytic behavior. 1,4-Butanediol and, even more so, 1,6-hexanediol cause more pronounced hydrophobizing in the polyester segment than ethylene glycol, thus inhibiting hydrolytic attack. 

Polyester urethanes are synthesized from aliphatic polyesters. In order to be biodegradable, aliphatic polyesters have to he formed by macrodiols of succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid and ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, butanediol and/or hexanediol [953]. It is difficult to cleave phthalic acid polyesters, dodecanoic acid with short-chain diols, and polyesters of short-chain acids with long-chain diols, such dodecanediol. Table 5.137 [953]. 

Sky-Green (polyester made of succinic acid, adipic acid, butanediol, ethylene glycol) 6-77% ML in 55 d in different soils [12]... 

In the context of this chapter, the use of thermoplastic starch in blends with thermoplastic resins is of the main interest. As shown in Table 16.11, several blends have been developed, e.g., with vinyl alcohol copolymers (EVAl), polyolefins, aliphatic polyesters such as poly-e-caprolactone (PCL) and its copolymers, or polymers of glycols (e.g., 1,4-butanediol) with succinic, sebacic, adipic, azelaic, decanoic or brassihc acids, PCL + PVC. Compatibilization is possible by amylose/EVAl V-type complexes, starch grafted polyesters, chain extenders like diisocyanates, epoxies, etc. [Bastioli et al., 1992, 1993]. 

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