Methacrylic acid-ethylene glycol

A similar concept was used in the development of artificial chymotrypsin mimics [54]. The esterase-site was modeled by using the phosphonate template 75 as a stable transition state analogue (Scheme 13.19). The catalytic triad of the active site of chymotrypsin - that is, serine, histidine and aspartic acid (carboxy-late anion) - was mimicked by imidazole, phenolic hydroxy and carboxyl groups, respectively. The catalytically active MIP catalyst 76 was prepared using free radical polymerization, in the presence of the phosphonate template 75, methacrylic acid, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and AIBN. The template removal conditions had a decisive influence on the efficiency of the polymer-mediated catalysis, and best results were obtained with aqueous Na2CC>3. 

Another example of new sorbents is the molecular imprinted polymers (MIP) from the work of Siemann and co-workers (1996). They synthesized a methacrylic acid-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer with atrazine as an imprint molecule. Imprint synthesis entails polymerization around an imprint species with monomers that are selected for their ability to form specific and definable interactions with the imprint molecule. The atrazine is chemically removed from the polymer leaving holes or cavities. The cavities are formed in the polymer matrix whose size and shape are complementary to that of the imprint molecule (Siemann et al., 1996). These recognition sites enable the polymer to rebind the imprint species selectively from a mixture of closely related compounds, in many instances with binding affinities approaching those demonstrated by antigen-antibody systems. 

Wei, R, Fan, Y., Zhang, M., and Feng, Y.-Q., Poly(methacrylic acid-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) monolith in-tube solid-phase microextraction applied to simultaneous analysis of some amphetamine derivatives in urine by capillary zone electrophoresis, Electrophoresis, 26, 3141, 2005. 

Ethylene-C(3-methacrylic acid Ethylene glycol FTIR I had 55 wt% methacrylic acid Coleman et al. (1989b)... 

Fan, Y. Feng, Y. Da, S. Shi, Z. Poly(methacrylic acid-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) monolithic capillary for in-tube solid phase microextraction coupled to high performance liquid chromatography and its application to determination of basic drugs in human serum. Analyriica Chimica Acta 2004, 523, 251-258. 

Solid-phase extraction is also often used to remove interfering coextracted compounds. Solid-phase extraction columns contain either non-polar reversed-phase Cig sorbents or polar sorbents (such as alumina, aminopropyl acid, and propylsulfonic acid). Matrix solid-phase dispersion cleanup using reversed-phase Cig material has been also employed for the determination of oxohnic acid in catfish muscle.In-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) based on poly(methacrylic acid-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (MAA-EGDMA) monolith coupled to high-preformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) and fluorescence detection (FED) was... 

Poly(methacrylic acid-ethylene glycol dimetracrylate) monolith microextraction Methyl-bis(trifluoroacetamide)... 

Wei F, Zhang M, Feng Y-Q (2006) Application of poly(methacrylic acid-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) monolith microextraction coupled with capillary zone electrophoresis to the determination of opiates in human urine. Electrophoresis 27(10) 1938-1948... 

The second impetus to consider monomers with dendritic side groups comes from the work of Percec et al. on monomers with tapered side chains, e.g., polymerization of 3,4,5-tris (4 -dodecyloxybenzyloxy) benzoic acid ethylene glycol (n=l,2,3,4) methacrylates... 

Abbreviations AA acrylamide MAA methacrylic acid TFMAA 2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylic acid HEMA 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate MMA methyl methacrylate EDMA ethylene glycol dimethacrylate DVB divinylbenzene TRIM trimethylolpropane... 

AA = acrylic acid, MAA = melhacrylic acid, DMAEMA = N, Ai-dimethylaminoelhyl melhaciylale, TBAEMA = (-butylaminoelhyl melhacrylate, HEA = 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, HEMA = 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, HPA = 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, HPMA = 2-hydtoxypropyl methacrylate, AM = acrylamide, GMA = glycidyl methacrylate, EGDMA = ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, BGDMA = 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylale, ALA4A = allyl methacrylate. 

Another special type of blend SMP is poly(acrylic acid-co-methyl methacrylate)/poly(ethylene glycol) (P(AA-co-MMA)/PEG) blends, whiA form hydrogen-bonded complexes [52]. It was found that both the concentration and molecular weight of PEG have a strong effect on the complexation with P(AA-co-MMA) gel. In such a system the minimum molecular weight of PEG required for the complex formation lowers to 1000. 

Acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate copolymer esterified to an unknown degree to methyl acrylate Acrylic acid-styrene copolymer esterified to an unknown degree to methyl acrylate Ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer neutralized to an unknown degree to sodium methacrylate Isophthalic acid-ethylene glycol copolymer post-treated to form the diallyl ester 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, methyl ester, polymer with 2-propenoic acid, methyl ester 2-Propenoic acid, poljrmer with ethenylbenzene, methyl ester 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, polymer with ethene, sodium salt 1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, polymer with 1,2-ethanediol, di-2-propenyl ester... 

To carry out SFEIP in homogeneous aqueous solutions, the radical mediator, as also the monomer and the polymers, should be soluble in the medium. A number of water-soluble monomers have been polymerized by the living radical process (Qiu et al., 2001). They include uncharged monomers, such as 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate, 2-(dimethylamino)ethylmethacrylate, acrylic acid, etc., and charged/ionic monomers, such as sodium methacrylate, sodium vinylbenzoate (NaVBA) and sodium styrene sulfonate (NaSS). 

Acryhc stmctural adhesives have been modified by elastomers in order to obtain a phase-separated, toughened system. A significant contribution in this technology has been made in which acryhc adhesives were modified by the addition of chlorosulfonated polyethylene to obtain a phase-separated stmctural adhesive (11). Such adhesives also contain methyl methacrylate, glacial methacrylic acid, and cross-linkers such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate [97-90-5]. The polymerization initiation system, which includes cumene hydroperoxide, N,1S7-dimethyl- -toluidine, and saccharin, can be apphed to the adherend surface as a primer, or it can be formulated as the second part of a two-part adhesive. Modification of cyanoacrylates using elastomers has also been attempted copolymers of acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene ethylene copolymers with methylacrylate or copolymers of methacrylates with butadiene and styrene have been used. However, because of the extreme reactivity of the monomer, modification of cyanoacrylate adhesives is very difficult and material purity is essential in order to be able to modify the cyanoacrylate without causing premature reaction. 

Reactive (unsaturated) epoxy resins (qv) are reaction products of multiple glycidyl ethers of phenoHc base polymer substrates with methacrylic, acryhc, or fumaric acids. Reactive (unsaturated) polyester resins are reaction products of glycols and diacids (aromatic, aUphatic, unsaturated) esterified with acryhc or methacrylic acids (see POLYESTERS,unsaturated). Reactive polyether resins are typically poly(ethylene glycol (600) dimethacrylate) or poly(ethylene glycol (400) diacrylate) (see PoLYETPiERs). 

Third Monomers. In order to achieve certain property improvements, nitrile mbber producers add a third monomer to the emulsion polymerization process. When methacrylic acid is added to the polymer stmcture, a carboxylated nitrile mbber with greatly enhanced abrasion properties is achieved (9). Carboxylated nitrile mbber carries the ASTM designation of XNBR. Cross-linking monomers, eg, divinylbenzene or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, produce precross-linked mbbers with low nerve and die swell. To avoid extraction losses of antioxidant as a result of contact with fluids duriag service, grades of NBR are available that have utilized a special third monomer that contains an antioxidant moiety (10). FiaaHy, terpolymers prepared from 1,3-butadiene, acrylonitrile, and isoprene are also commercially available. 

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