N-Hydroxy acids

Fatty acids, n-hydroxy acids, ursoUc add Apply sample solution, followed by methanoUc boron trifluoride solution, heat with a hot-air drier, allow to cool and develop. [70]... 

S-Hydroperoxylanostenyl acetate 62 Hydroquinone see Dihydroxybenzene n-Hydroxy acids 71 Hydroxyanthraquinones 148,288... 

Urshiol n. Hydroxy acid of aromatic type present in Rhus vernicifera, the basis of Japanese lacquer. 

N-Benzylamides are recommended when the corresponding acid is liquid and/or water-soluble so that it cannot itself serve as a derivative. Phe benzylamides derived from the simple fatty acids or their esters are not altogether satisfactory (see Table below) those derived from most hydroxy-acids and from poly basic acids or their esters are formed in good yield and are easily purified. The esters of aromatic acids yield satisfactory derivatives but the method must compete with the equally simple process of hydrolysis and precipitation of the free acid, an obvious derivative when the acid is a solid. The procedure fails with esters of keto, sul phonic, inorganic and some halogenated aliphatic esters. 

Pyridazine N-ethoxycarbonylimide photolysis, 3, 13 Pyridazine, 4-gJycosyloxy-rearrangement, 3, 15 Pyridazine, halo-applications, 3, 56 Pyridazine, hexahydro-, 3, 40 photoelectron spectra, 2, 20-21 Pyridazine, hydrazino-reductive cleavage, 3, 34 synthesis, 3, 35 Pyridazine, hydroxy-acidity, 3, 4 Pyridazine, 3-hydroxyl-oxide... 

Hydrolysis of the resins will produce aldehydic acids at mild concentration of alkali ( N) using more concentrated alkalis (5N) hydroxy acids are produced, probably via the aldehydic acids. Unfortunately most of the work done in order to analyse the lac resin was carried out before the significance of the hydrolysis conditions was fully appreciated. It does, however, appear to be agreed that one of the major constitutents is aleuritie acid (Figure 30.9). 

Benzeneamine, N-hydroxy-N-nitroso,ammonium salt Nitrilotrlacetic acid 4,4 -Thiodianiline Ethyl acrylate Butyl acrylate Ethyleneimine (Aziridine) p-Nrtrosodiphenylamine Calcium cyanamide Hydrazine Aldrin... 

Bicucine, C20H19O7N, H2O. This alkaloid has m.. 222° (dec.) and — 115 4° (N/10, KHO) but in N/HCl it shows mutarotation — 145° to — 100°,due to the formation of an equilibrium mixture of bicucine and bicuculline. Alkaline permanganate oxidises it to 3 4-methylene-dioxyphthalic acid, isolated as the ethylimide. In view of its formation from bicuculline by the action of alkali, Manske has suggested for its formula (II) or (III), the former representing it as the nomarceine (p. 208) analogue of bicuculline, whilst (III) makes it the hydroxy-acid corresponding to the lactone, bicuculline and is preferred. 

While keeping the collected deuterioammonia at dry ice-isopropyl alcohol temperature, lithium wire (10 mg) is added, followed by a solution of 3/3-hydroxy-5a-cholest-7-en-6-one (161 50 mg) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (4 ml). The reaction mixture is stirred for 20 min, the cooling bath is then removed and the ammonia is allowed to boil under reflux for 40 min. A saturated solution of ammonium chloride in tetrahydrofuran is added dropwise until the deep blue color disappears and then the ammonia is allowed to evaporate. The residue is extracted with ether and the organic layer washed with dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium bicarbonate solution and then with water. Drying and evaporation of the solvent gives a semicrystalline residue which is dissolved in acetone and oxidized with 8 N chromic acid solution. After the usual workup the residue is dissolved in methanol containing sodium hydroxide (0.2 g) and heated under reflux for 1 hr to remove any deuterium introduced at C-5 or C-7. (For workup, see section II-B). 

Hydroxy-5a-pregn-l-ene-3,20-dione (44). To a solution of 7.7 g (15.6 mmoles) of the nitrone (43) in 300 ml of benzene is added 500 ml of 2 A hydrochloric acid, whereupon the deep-red benzene solution immediately turns green. The resulting mixture is stirred for 12 hr and the layers are then separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with three 300-ml portions of benzene the combined benzene layers are washed with 2 N hydrochloric acid and with water, and then dried over sodium sulfate. The benzene is evaporated under reduced pressure to give 4.8 g (93 %) of the diosphenol (44). 

Oxy-aldehyd, n, hydroxy aldehyde, -ammo-niak, n, oxyammonia (hydroxylamine), -azoverbindung, /. hydroxyazo compound, -benzol, n, hydroxybenzene (phenol), -bem-steinsaure. /, hydroxysuccinic acid (malic acid). -biazol, n. oxadiazole, oxdiazole. -bitumen, n, oxidized bitumen, -carbon-s ure, /, hydroxycarboxylic acid, -chlnoltn, n. hydroxyquinoline, -clunon, n. hydroxy-quinone. -chlorid, n. oxychloride, -chlor-kupfer, n. copper oxychloride, -cyan, n. oxycyanogen. 

Benzyl-oxygen bonds may be cleaved under conditions mild enough to leave an allylic hydroxy group (759) or an easily reduced N—OH bond intact (65,80). N-Hydroxyamino acids can be prepared in good yield by hydrogenolysis of benzyl hydroxamates as shown in the synthesis of N -hydroxylysine (6) from 5 (777). 

A mixture of 31 5 g (0.1 mol) of 2-chloro-9-(3 -dimethylaminopropylidene)-thiaxanthene (MP 97°C) and 100 g of N-( 3-hydroxyethyl)-piperazine is heated to 130°C and boiled under reflux at this temperature for 48 hours. After cooling, the excess of N-( 3-hydroxyethyl)-piperazine Is evaporated in vacuo, and the residue is dissolved in ether. The ether phase is washed with water and extracted with dilute acetic acid, and 2-chloro-9-[3 -N-(N - -hydroxy-ethyD-piperazinylpropylidene] -thiaxanthene separated from the aqueous acetic acid solution by addition of dilute sodium hydroxide solution to basic reaction. The free base is extracted with ether, the ether phase dried over potassium carbonate, the ether evaporated and the residue dissolved in absolute ethanol. By complete neutralization of the ethanolic solution with a solution of dry hydrogen chloride in absolute ethanol, the dihydrochloride of 2-chloro-9-[3 -N-(N -(3-hydroxyethyl)-piperazinylpropylidene] -thiaxanthene is produced and crystallizes out as a white substance melting at about 250°C to 260°C with decomposition. The yield is 32 g. 

A mixture of 10 g of 4-(2, 4 -difluorophenyl)-phenol and 27.2 g of potassium carbonate is exposed to carbon dioxide at 1,300 psi and 175°C. The dark mass obtained from this car-donation is then dissolved in 300 ml of water and 200 ml of methylene chloride and the two layers separated. The water layer is then extracted with 100 ml of methylene chloride and then acidified with 2.5 N hydrochloric acid. This mixture is then filtered and the cake dried in vacuo to yield 5.32 g of the crude product. The crude product is then recrystallized from benzene-methanol. An additional crystallization of this semipure material from benzene-methanol yields analytically pure 2-hydroxy-5-(2, 4 -difluorophenyl)-benzoic acid (MP 210°-211°C). 

A solution of 1 mmol of the 4,5-dihydro-2-(2-hydroxyalkyl)-4.4-dimethyloxazole (4) in 8 mL of 3 N sulfuric acid and is stirred at 80 °C. for 1.5 h. The mixture is cooled to 20 °C and extracted with five 10-mL portions of Et20. The combined organic phase is dried with Na2S04 and concentrated in vacuo to give the 3-hydroxy-alkanoic acid in quantitative yield and in good purity. The known acids are identified by a comparison of physical and spectral data with those of authentic samples. 

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