Ethoxylated fatty acids polyethylene glycols

HENKEL CORP. EMERY GROUP Ethoxylated Fatty Acids and Polyethylene Glycol Fatty Acid Esters ... 

Ethoxylated fatty acid esters macrogol stearates Marlosol PEG fatty acid esters PEG stearates polyethylene glycol stearates poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl) a-hydro-to-hydroxyoctade-canoate polyoxyethylene glycol stearates. 

Fatty alcohols Fatty alcohol ethoxylates Alkylphenol ethoxylates Polyethylene glycol esters (ethoxylated fatty acids)... 

The EMEREST/TRYDET Ethoxylated Fatty Acids and Polyethylene Glycol Fatty Acid Esters are nonionic, specialized, mono and diesters of various fatty acids. These products can be prepared by the condensation or addition of ethylene oxide to a fatty acid at the site of its active hydrogen or by esterification of the fatty acid with polyethylene glycol. The chemical composition of the monoester product is represented by the general formula R-C0-(0-CH2CH2)n-OH where "R-CO"... 

Additives used in finai products Fillers aluminum oxide, calcium carbonate, clay, carbon black, ferrite, graphite, magnesium oxide, nanocellulose, sand, silica, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, zirconia Plasticizers benzyl butyl phthalate, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, glycerin, monostea-ryl citrate, polyethylene and polypropylene glycols, triacetin Antistatics alkyl aryl sulfonate, cadmium sulfide, ethoxylated fatty acid amine, tetraammonium salt Antiblocking talc Release silane modified PVOH Slip PTFE beads Crosslinkers Defoamers ... 

Synonyms Polyethylene glycol monotallate Classification Ethoxylated fatty acid ester Definition PEG ester of tall oil acid ionic Nature Nonionic... 

These are produced by addition of ethylene oxide to the hydroxyl group of the alkanolamides described above. Ethanolamine and fatty acid impurities, if present in the starting alkanolamide, may also be ethoxylated to give ethoxylated ethanolamine and ethoxylated fatty acid. Other impurities may include polyethylene glycol as well as fatty acid esters of all hydroxyl-containing impurities (4). 

Mineral oils, paraffin and other waxes, polyethylene, polyethylene glycol, ethoxylated glycerides, ethoxylated fatty amines, and esters of fatty alcohols and acids have also been used in fabric softening [52], and also nonionic actives such as glycols, sorbitol, and urea, but in combination with a charged active. 

Hydrocarbons + fatty acid methyl esters, glycerides 4- fatty alcohols + fatty acids, fatty acid ethoxylates + alkylphenol ethoxylates, other ethoxylates, glycerol + high-molecular-weight polyethylene glycols. 

Such materials therefore usually contain free polyethylene glycol and diester in equimolar proportions. The spread of EO chain lengths is similar to that in alkylphenol ethoxylates. If they are made by esterification of polyethylene glycol, the spread of EO chain lengths obviously depends on the composition of the starting material, and the product always contains unreacted free fatty acid as well as diester and polyethylene glycol [2]. 

Polyethoxylates may contain polyethylene glycols as well as ethoxylated alcohols, alkylphenols, etc. Both types of component are determined by the Weibull method [10], which has been adopted as an international standard [11], reference to which is advised. The following is an abbreviated version. The method can be used for fatty acid ethoxylates, but the ethyl acetate extract will include any free fatty acid present in the sample. 

Fatty acid esters of propane-1,2-diol (E477), also known as propylene glycol (11-62), and fatty acid esters of polyethylene glycol 8000 (11-63, E1521, the HLB value depends on the degree of ethoxylation) are obtained by direct esterification or by enzymatic reactions. These substances are used for oU-in-water emulsions (o/w emulsions for short). 

It is important to note that methyl ester ethoxylates have been produced, primarily for the textile industry, for several years. They have been manufactured by condensing fatty acids with monomethyl-capped polyethylene glycol. This reaction, however, is more complex and more costly than direct ethoxylation [26]. 

The second class includes polyethylene glycol alkyl esters, ethoxylated linear aliphatic alcohols, ethoxylated natural fatty acids and oils, and alkanolamides. These products, together with ethylene oxide block copolymers with propylene oxide, form a class of ethoxylate surfactants that are biodegradable. Linear alcohol ethoxylates find extensive use in heavy-duty laundry detergents. 

Direct ethoxylation of fatty acids and fats with conventional catalysts yields a complex mixture of mono- and diesters, as well as various polyethylene glycols as by-products, with a wide range in the number of polyethylene glycol units. Despite the inhomogeneity of the composition of the final product, they have found a wide use as emulsifiers in food, feed and technical applications and detailed studies of their emulsification and solubility/dispersibility properties have been carried out [57-59],... 

These can be considered to be esters of fatty acids and polyethylene glycol, although they are generally made by direct addition of EO to the acid. They contain, besides the main monoester ingredient, diester, free acid, and free PEG. This class includes tall oil ethoxylates. Tall oil fatty acids are linear, long-chain, and unsaturated, being obtained by distillation of tall oil, a water-insoluble, ether-soluble fraction of pulp mill waste (3). 

The determination of active agent is complicated by the presence of various impurities in the commercial product ethoxylated ethanolamine, ethoxylated ester, polyethylene glycol, fatty acid. The nonaqueous titration is rapid, but requires knowledge of the equivalent weight of the surfactant. This makes the method unsuitable for the analysis of unknown materials unless further characterization is performed. 

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